| Ukutholakala: | |
|---|---|
Izakhiwo zensimbi ezinezitezi ezinkulu nezinezitezi eziningi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwesimanje kwezimboni nezohwebo ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu, ukwakheka okuguquguqukayo, ukufakwa okusheshayo, nokuvumelana nezimo okuhle kakhulu.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo ezivamile zekhonkrithi eziqinisiwe, izakhiwo zensimbi zinenani eliphakeme lamandla nesisindo futhi zinganciphisa umthwalo ezisekelweni. Izingxenye zensimbi ezakhiwe ngaphambili zenziwa efekthri futhi zihlanganiswe esizeni, zisize ukunciphisa isikhathi sokwakha nokuthuthukisa ukunemba kokufakwa.
Emabhilidini amakhulu, ama-trusses ensimbi, izakhiwo zegridi, nezinhlelo zozimele wesikhala zingakha izikhala zangaphakathi ezibanzi ezinamakholomu ambalwa amaphakathi. Lokhu kunikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kokuhlelwa kwemishini, imigqa yokukhiqiza, izindawo zokuhlala, izindawo zokubukisa, imisebenzi yokugcina izinto, nezakhiwo zentengiso.
Emabhilidini anezitezi eziningi, uhlaka lwensimbi lungahlanganiswa ne-steel decking, phansi ukhonkolo, izinhlelo zezitebhisi, izinhlelo zodonga, nezinhlelo zokufulela ukuze kwakhiwe isisombululo esiphelele sokwakha.
Isakhiwo sesakhiwo, osayizi bezigaba, izindlela zokuxhuma, ukuma kophahla, uhlelo lwephansi, ukwelashwa kwendawo, kanye nemvilophu yokwakha konke kungenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokuvumelana nezidingo zephrojekthi.
Ngokuya ngomsebenzi wokwakha, ubude besikhathi, ubude, izimo zomthwalo, kanye nomklamo wezakhiwo, iphrojekthi ingase isebenzise eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezinhlelo zesakhiwo ezilandelayo.
Uhlaka lwensimbi olunezitezi eziningi luqukethe ikakhulukazi amakholomu ensimbi, imishayo yensimbi, imishayo yaphansi, amasistimu okuhlanganisa, kanye nokudeka phansi. Ilungele izakhiwo zezentengiselwano, izakhiwo zamahhovisi, izimboni zezimboni, izindawo zokugcina izimpahla, kanye nezinsiza zomphakathi.
Izinsimbi zensimbi zisetshenziselwa ukufeza izikhala ezinkulu zephahla ngenkathi kunciphisa inani lamakholomu angaphakathi. Zifanele izinkundla, amahholo emibukiso, amatheminali, ama-hangars, ama-workshops okukhiqiza, nezakhiwo ezinkulu zokugcina.
Uhlaka lwesikhala luwuhlelo lwesakhiwo olunezinhlangothi ezintathu olwakhiwe amalungu ensimbi axhumene. Ihlinzeka ngokuqina okuphezulu, ukusatshalaliswa komthwalo ozinzile, kanye nokuguquguquka kwemiklamo yophahla olugobile, eyindilinga, eyisiyingi, noma engajwayelekile.
Izingxenye zensimbi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zingaklanywa futhi zenzelwe izakhiwo ezinomumo wezakhiwo ezikhethekile, imiphetho egobile, amasistimu ophahla ayinkimbinkimbi, noma izakhiwo ezingajwayelekile.
Uhlaka lwensimbi lungahlanganiswa nezitezi zikakhonkolo eziqinisiwe, i-steel decking, amapaneli e-precast, izindonga zamakhethini engilazi, ama-sandwich panel, nezinye izinto zokwakha.
Ama-trusses ensimbi kanye nezinhlelo zefreyimu yesikhala zingakha ingaphakathi elibanzi elinamakholomu ambalwa, lithuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yangaphakathi.
Ububanzi besakhiwo, ubude, ubude, isikhala sekholomu, ukuma kophahla, ukuhlelwa kwephansi, imininingwane yokuxhuma, nokuphathwa kwendawo kungenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo.
Isakhiwo singaklanywa ngokuya ngemithwalo yephrojekthi, izimo zomoya, izidingo zokuzamazama komhlaba, imithwalo yemishini, namazinga wokwakha wendawo.
Insimbi inenani eliphezulu lamandla nesisindo, elinganciphisa isisindo esiphelele sesakhiwo nomthwalo wesisekelo.
Izingxenye eziningi zensimbi zenziwa ngaphambili efektri futhi zihlanganiswe esizeni ngamabhawodi kanye nokushisela, okusiza ukufinyeza isimiso sokwakha.
Imidwebo enemininingwane, imodeli yedijithali, nokukhiqizwa kwefekthri okulawulwayo kusiza ukuqinisekisa ubukhulu bezingxenye kanye nezikhundla zokuxhuma.
Izakhiwo zensimbi zingakwazi ukuhlalisa uphahla olugobile, amapulani angajwayelekile, ama-cantilever amakhulu, amaphansi amaningi, kanye nezidingo zezakhiwo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Izakhiwo zensimbi zinganwetshwa, ziqiniswe, noma zilungiswe kalula kunezinhlelo eziningi zokwakha zendabuko.
Ngokwelashwa kwendawo efanele kanye nokugcinwa okuvamile, izakhiwo zensimbi zinganikeza ukusebenza okuthembekile kwesikhathi eside.
Ukwenza kahle kwesakhiwo kusiza ukulinganisela ukuphepha, ukusebenza kahle kokwenziwa, izidingo zokuhamba, kanye nezindleko zephrojekthi iyonke. Izinketho
| Zento | Etholakalayo |
|---|---|
| Uhlobo lomkhiqizo | Isakhiwo esikhulu sensimbi, esinezitezi eziningi, esingajwayelekile futhi esiyinkimbinkimbi |
| Isakhiwo esiyinhloko | Amakholomu ensimbi, imishayo yensimbi, amathala ensimbi namafreyimu omkhathi |
| Izinto zensimbi | I-Q235B, Q355B noma ibanga lensimbi elilinganayo |
| Uhlobo lwekholomu | Ikholomu yesigaba sika-H, ikholomu yebhokisi, ikholomu yensimbi eyindilinga noma ikholomu yangokwezifiso |
| Uhlobo lwe-Beam | I-Welded H beam, i-hot-rolled beam, induku yebhokisi noma i-beam eyenziwe ngokwezifiso |
| Uhlelo lophahla | I-truss yensimbi, uhlaka lwesikhala, isakhiwo segridi noma uhlaka lwephothali |
| Isistimu yaphansi | Ukuhlobisa insimbi ngokhonkolo, i-precast floor slab noma isistimu eyenziwe ngokwezifiso |
| Isakhiwo sesibili | Ama-purlins, ama-girts, ama-bracing, ama-tie rods namalungu okuxhumana |
| Indlela yokuxhumana | Uxhumano olunamandla aphezulu nokuxhumeka okushiselwe |
| Ukwelashwa kwendawo | Ukuqhunyiswa kwesibhamu, ukupenda kokuqala, ukuqeda ukupenda noma ukwenza uthayela |
| Ukuvikelwa komlilo | I-coating engashi ngokuya ngezidingo zephrojekthi |
| Ukuvikelwa kokugqwala | Kwenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokwendawo yendawo |
| Imvilophu yokwakha | Amapaneli e-Sandwich, amashidi ensimbi, izindonga zamakhethini noma izindwangu ezenziwe ngokwezifiso |
| Ukuklama kwesakhiwo | Ngokusekelwe emithwalweni yephrojekthi namazinga asebenzayo endawo |
| Ukwenziwa | Izingxenye zensimbi ezakhiwe embonini |
| Ukufakwa | Imidwebo yokufaka nesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe siyatholakala |
| Ukwenza ngokwezifiso | Ubukhulu, umumo, ubude bendawo, ukwakheka kwaphansi kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo kungenziwa ngezifiso |
Uhlelo oluphelele lwesakhiwo sensimbi lungabandakanya:
Amakholomu ensimbi
Imishayo yensimbi
Izingxenye ze-H-section ezishiselwe
Amakholomu ebhokisi
Imishayo yebhokisi
Amakholomu ensimbi ayindilinga
Izinsimbi zophahla lwensimbi
Amalungu ozimele wesikhala
Izakhiwo zophahla lwegridi
Imishayo yaphansi
Ukuhlobisa insimbi
Ukubhula okuvundlile
I-bracing eqondile
Ama-purlins ophahleni
Amabhande odonga
Izinduku zokubopha
Amapuleti okuxhumana
Amapuleti ayisisekelo
Amabhawodi ehange
Amabhawodi anamandla aphezulu
Izitebhisi namapulatifomu
Izingxenye zensimbi ezishiselwe ngokwezifiso
Ukukhethwa kwebanga lensimbi nokwelashwa kwendawo kuncike ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo, indawo yephrojekthi, izimo zemvelo, kanye nezidingo zamakhasimende.
Izinto zensimbi ezijwayelekile zifaka i-Q235B, i-Q355B, kanye namamaki ensimbi alinganayo emhlabeni wonke.
Izinketho ezitholakalayo zokwelashwa kwendawo zihlanganisa:
Ukuqhuma kwesibhamu
I-Anti-rust primer
Ukugqoka okuphakathi
Qeda ukudweba
I-hot-dip galvanizing
Ukunamathela okumelana nomlilo
Inamathela evikela ukubola
Ezindaweni ezingasogwini, eziswakeme, zezimboni, noma ezigqwala kakhulu, kungakhethwa uhlelo lokumboza oluhlala isikhathi eside.
I-ZSJH Steel inganikeza ukwesekwa kwezobunjiniyela nobuchwepheshe ngokusekelwe olwazini olunikezwa ikhasimende.
Idizayini yethu kanye nezinsiza zokunikeza imininingwane zingabandakanya:
Isixazululo sokuqala sesakhiwo
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo sesakhiwo
Ukuhlaziywa komthwalo
Ukukhetha ilungu lensimbi
Idizayini yokuxhuma
Tekla enemininingwane
Ukumodela kwe-BIM
Imidwebo yokwenziwa
Imidwebo yomhlangano
Imidwebo yokufaka
Umthethosivivinywa wezinto zokwakha
Izinombolo zengxenye
Izinhlelo zokupakisha nokulayisha
Isakhiwo singaklanywa ngokuya ngamazinga asebenzayo kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zezwe okuyiwa kulo.
Ithimba lonjiniyela libuyekeza imidwebo yezakhiwo, izidingo zesakhiwo, ubukhulu, imithwalo, imininingwane yokuxhuma, namazinga asebenzayo.
Imidwebo enemininingwane yokwenziwa kanye namamodeli engxenye alungiswa ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa.
Amapuleti ensimbi, amaphrofayili, amabhawodi, izinto zokushisela, nezinye izinto ezingavuthiwe ziyahlolwa ngaphambi kokucubungula.
Amapuleti ensimbi kanye nezingxenye zisikwa ngokuvumelana nemidwebo yokwenziwa egunyaziwe.
Amalungu ensimbi ayahlanganiswa futhi ashiselwe kusetshenziswa izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezilawulwayo.
Ubukhulu, ukuma kwembobo, amapuleti okuxhumana, kanye nengxenye yejometri kuyahlolwa.
Izingxenye zihlanzwa ngokuqhunyiswa kwesibhamu noma ezinye izindlela ngaphambi kokupenda noma ukugalela.
Ingxenye ngayinye imakwa ngokwemidwebo yokufaka kanye nohlu lokupakisha.
Izingxenye zensimbi zipakishwa ngokuya ngosayizi wazo, isisindo, ukulandelana kokulayisha, kanye nezidingo zokuhamba.
Uhlelo lokulayisha lulungiselelwa ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kweziqukathi kanye nokusekela ukuthulula okuphumelelayo endaweni yephrojekthi.
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kwenziwa kuyo yonke inqubo yokwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izingxenye zihlangabezana nemidwebo egunyaziwe kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe.
Izinqubo zokuhlola zingabandakanya:
Ukubuyekezwa kwesitifiketi sempahla eluhlaza
Ukuqinisekiswa kwebanga lensimbi
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Dimensional
Ukusika ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi
Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka kwe-Welding
Ukuhlolwa kosayizi we-weld
Ukuhlola indawo yembobo yebhontshisi
Ukuhlolwa kwe-geometry yengxenye
Ukuhlolwa kokulungiswa kwendawo
Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwepende
Ukuhlolwa kokumaka ingxenye
Ukuhlolwa kokupakisha nokulayisha
Ukuhlola okungabhubhisi nakho kungahlelwa ngokwezidingo zephrojekthi.
Lolu hlelo lwesakhiwo sensimbi olwenziwe ngezifiso lufanele:
Izakhiwo zezimboni ezinezitezi eziningi
Izakhiwo zezentengiselwano
Izikhungo zokuthenga
Izakhiwo zamahhovisi
Amahholo ombukiso
Izikhungo zengqungquthela
Izinkundla nezindawo zemidlalo
Izikhumulo zezindiza
Iziteshi zesitimela
Amatheminali amabhasi
Ama-hangars ezindiza
Ama-workshops amakhulu okukhiqiza
Izikhungo Logistics
Izinsiza zokugcina
Izikhungo zokusabalalisa
Izikhungo zamandla
Izinsiza zezimayini
Izakhiwo zomphakathi
Amaphrojekthi wokwakha amise okwesipesheli
Amaphrojekthi ophahla amakhulu
Iphrojekthi ngayinye ithuthukiswa ngokuya ngobukhulu besakhiwo, imisebenzi, izimo zokulayisha, isimo sezulu sendawo, kanye nezidingo zokwakha.
Sisekela idizayini yesakhiwo, imininingwane, ukwenziwa, ukuhlolwa, ukupakishwa, ukuthutha, kanye neziqondiso zokufakwa.
Izingxenye zensimbi zenziwa ngokuvumelana nemidwebo evunyelwe kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezilawulwayo.
Singakha amafreyimu anezitezi eziningi, ama-trusses ama-span amakhulu, amafreyimu esikhala, amakholomu amabhokisi, imishayo eshiselwe, kanye nezingxenye zensimbi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Izingxenye zinezinombolo futhi zipakishwa ngokuya ngokulandelana kokufakwa kanye nezidingo zokuhamba zomhlaba jikelele.
Imidwebo yokufaka, izinhlu zezingxenye, imininingwane yokuxhuma, nesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe esikude singanikezwa.