Izakhiwo zensimbi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zesimanje zezimboni nezentengiso ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu, ukwakhiwa okungasindi, idizayini eguquguqukayo, ukufakwa okusheshayo, kanye nokusebenziseka kabusha okuhle kakhulu. Zivame ukutholakala ezindaweni zokugcina impahla, ezimbonini, ezindaweni zokusebenzela, ezikhungweni zezokuthutha, ezimbonini zezimboni, nakwezinye izakhiwo ezinkulu.

Kodwa-ke, nakuba insimbi yesakhiwo iyinto engashi, izakhiwo zayo zemishini zingawohloka kakhulu lapho zichayeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngesikhathi somlilo, amandla nokuqina kwensimbi kuncipha, okungase ekugcineni kuthinte ukuzinza kanye namandla okuthwala umthwalo wesakhiwo sonke.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuvikelwa komlilo okufanele kwezakhiwo zensimbi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuklama nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sensimbi.

Kungani Izakhiwo Zensimbi Zidinga Ukuvikelwa Komlilo?

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, insimbi yesakhiwo inikeza amandla amahle kakhulu nokuzinza. Nokho, phakathi nomlilo, ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kunganciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwawo kwemishini.

Ngakho-ke izinyathelo zokuvikela umlilo ezisebenzayo zenzelwe:

Bambezela ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa kwamalungu ensimbi yesakhiwo

Gcina ukusimama kwesakhiwo ngesikhathi esidingekayo sokumelana nomlilo

Nikeza isikhathi esengeziwe sokuphuma kwabasebenzi

Yehlisa ingozi yokuwa kwesakhiwo

Nciphisa ukusabalala komlilo nentuthu

Vikela izinto zokusebenza, izinto zokwakha kanye nempahla

Sekela izicishamlilo kanye nokusebenza kwezimo eziphuthumayo

Ukuphepha komlilo kwezakhiwo zensimbi ngokuvamile kuhilela izici ezimbili ezinkulu: ukuvikelwa komlilo kwamalungu ensimbi ngamanye kanye nokubeka umlilo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo.

1. Izindlela Zokuvikela Umlilo Zamalungu Esakhiwo Sensimbi

Amakholomu ensimbi, imishayo, ama-trusses, namanye amalungu aphethe umthwalo angase adinge ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe ukuze afinyelele isilinganiso esishiwo sokumelana nomlilo.

Izindlela ezivamile zokuvikela umlilo zifaka okunamathelayo okumelana nomlilo, izimbobo ze-intumescent, nezinhlelo zangaphandle zokuvikela ukumelana nomlilo.

1.1 Izingubo Ezingashi

Ukusebenzisa okokuvikela ukumelana nomlilo kungenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokuvikela insimbi yesakhiwo.

Ngokuya ngomklamo wesakhiwo, isilinganiso esidingekayo sokumelana nomlilo, izimo zemvelo, kanye nezidingo zokubukeka, amasistimu ahlukene wokumboza angakhethwa.

Izembatho ezinefilimu ezacile noma ezikwazi ukumelana nomlilo ziyakhula lapho zichayeke emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, zenze isendlalelo se-char evikelayo endaweni yensimbi. Lesi sendlalelo sibambezela ukudluliswa kokushisa futhi sibambezele ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kwelungu lensimbi.

Izembatho eziwugqinsi zokuvikela umlilo ngokuvamile zithembele ekuphatheni kwawo okushisayo okuphansi ukuze kugqunywe insimbi yesakhiwo ekushiseni.

Izinzuzo ze-Fire-Resistant Coatings

Izembatho ezingashi zinganikeza izinzuzo eziningana:

Isisindo esengeziwe esiphansi uma kuqhathaniswa

Ifanele imishayo, amakholomu, nezingxenye zensimbi eziyinkimbinkimbi

Uhlelo lokusebenza olusebenzayo endaweni

Ukuhambisana okuhle nemiklamo ehlukahlukene yesakhiwo sensimbi

Izilinganiso ezihlukene zokumelana nomlilo zingafinyelelwa kuye ngohlelo lokumboza oluvunyiwe kanye nogqinsi oludingekayo

Uhlelo olufanele kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi lukhethwe ngokuya ngamakhodi okwakha asebenzayo, imininingwane yephrojekthi, izimo zemvelo, kanye nezidingo ezihloliwe zokumelana nomlilo.

2. Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile Ngesikhathi Sesicelo Sokumboza Ungashi

Ukusetshenziswa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza okudingekayo kokuvikela umlilo.

Ukuqina Kokunamathela Okwanele

Ukusebenza kokumelana nomlilo kwesistimu yokumboza kuhlobene eduze nogqinsi olucacisiwe lwefilimu elomile.

Uma i-coating isetshenziswa kancane kakhulu, ilungu lensimbi lingase lingafinyeleli isilinganiso esidingekayo sokumelana nomlilo. Ngakho-ke osonkontileka kufanele balandele ngokuqinile ukwakheka okugunyaziwe, imibhalo yomkhiqizo, kanye nezidingo zesicelo.

Indawo Engalingani

Izembatho ezingalingani, ama-protrusions amaningi, ukuqhekeka, noma ukujiya okungaguquki kungase kuthinte kokubili ukubukeka nokusebenza.

Ukulungiswa okufanelekile kwendawo, izinqubo zokufaka isicelo, ukuhlolwa kokuqina, nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi kufanele kwenziwe kulo lonke ukwakhiwa.

Ukukhetha Kokunamathela Okungalungile

Amalungu ensimbi ahlukene kanye nezindawo zokwakha zingadinga izinhlelo ezihlukene zokuvikela umlilo.

Ukukhetha i-coating esekelwe kuphela kubukhulu noma intengo akukhuthazwa. Izinto ezifana nesilinganiso somlilo esidingekayo, isici sengxenye yensimbi, izimo zokuchayeka, ukuhambisana kwe-primer, ukuqina, kanye nezidingo zezakhiwo nazo kufanele zicatshangelwe.

3. I-Intumescent Fire Protection

Izembatho ze-intumescent zisetshenziselwa kakhulu insimbi yesakhiwo lapho kokubili ukuvikela umlilo nokubukeka kubalulekile.

Lapho ichayeke emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, ukunamathela kubhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali futhi kuyanwebeka ukuze kwakhe ungqimba oluqinile lwe-char insulating. Lesi sendlalelo sinciphisa izinga lokudlulisa ukushisa ensimbi engaphansi kwalo.

Amasistimu we-Intumescent afaneleka kakhulu amaphrojekthi lapho amalungu ensimbi ehlala ebonakala, njenge:

Izakhiwo zezentengiselwano

Izikhumulo zezindiza kanye nezinsiza zokuhamba

Izikhungo zemibukiso

Izinsiza zezimboni

Izinqolobane

Izakhiwo ezinkulu zensimbi

Uhlelo lokugcina lokumboza kufanele lukhethwe ngokuvumelana nesilinganiso somlilo esidingekayo kanye nezindinganiso zendawo ezifanele.

4. Ukuvikelwa Kwangaphandle Kokumelana Nomlilo

Enye indlela ephumelelayo iwukuba uvale noma umboze amalungu ensimbi yesakhiwo ngezinto ezingashi.

Ngokuya ngezidingo zephrojekthi, imishayo yensimbi namakholomu ingavikelwa kusetshenziswa izinhlelo ezifana nalezi:

Amabhodi amelana nomlilo

Izinto ezisekelwe ku-Gypsum

Ukuvikela umlilo okufakwe ngosimende

I-encasement kakhonkolo engasindi

Amanye amasistimu okuvikela umlilo ahloliwe futhi agunyaziwe

Lezi zinto zenza umgoqo oshisayo phakathi komlilo nensimbi yesakhiwo, ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa kwensimbi.

Izinhlelo zokuvikela zangaphandle zingafaneleka ikakhulukazi izakhiwo zezimboni lapho ukuqina kanye nezidingo eziphakeme zokumelana nomlilo zibalulekile.

Indawo Yomlilo Ezakhiweni Zensimbi

Ukuvikela amalungu ensimbi ngamanye kuyingxenye eyodwa yesu eliphumelelayo lokuphepha emlilweni.

Esinye isilinganiso esibalulekile indawo yomlilo, ehlukanisa isakhiwo sibe izindawo ezihlukene ezikwazi ukumelana nomlilo. Inhloso iwukunqanda ukubhebhetheka komlilo nentuthu ukusuka kwenye indawo kuya kwenye.

Ukuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukulimala kwempahla kuyilapho kunikeza izimo eziphephile zokuphuma nokucisha umlilo.

1. Izindonga Zomlilo

Izindonga zomlilo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa izakhiwo zibe izingxenye ezihlukene zomlilo.

Banikeza umgoqo ongokwenyama osiza ukuvimbela amalangabi nokushisa ekusakazeni phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukene zesakhiwo.

Kodwa-ke, izakhiwo ezinkulu zensimbi zezimboni zivame ukudinga izikhala ezivulekile zezinqubo zokukhiqiza, ukuphatha izinto ezibonakalayo, ama-cranes, ama-forklift, imigqa yokukhiqiza, kanye nemisebenzi ye-logistics. Ngakho-ke izindonga ezihlala njalo zingathinta ukusebenza kahle.

Ngezakhiwo zensimbi yezimboni, ukufakwa komlilo kufanele kuhlanganiswe ngokucophelela nesakhiwo sesakhiwo kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza.

2. Amakhethini Amanzi Amasistimu

Amasistimu wamakhethini wamanzi angasetshenziswa njengengxenye yesu lokuhlukanisa umlilo lapho kuvunyelwa amakhodi asebenzayo futhi agunyazwe isiphathimandla sokuphepha komlilo esifanele.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindonga ezihlala njalo, lezi zinhlelo zinganikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwezikhala ezinkulu zezimboni.

Nokho, nazo zinemikhawulo, kuhlanganise:

Isidingo esikhulu samanzi

Izidingo zesondlo

Umthelela ongaba khona kuzinto zikagesi nezokukhiqiza

Isidingo sokutholwa nokulawula amasistimu anokwethenjelwa

Ingozi yokulimala kwamanzi okungadingekile uma yenziwe isebenze ngokungalungile

Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, ukuvikelwa komlilo okusekelwe emanzini kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlukanisa kufanele kuklanywe ngokomsebenzi ngokuvumelana nokusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo esithile, ingozi yomlilo, imithetho yendawo, kanye nesu eliphelele lokuphepha emlilweni.

Ukukhetha Isixazululo Esilungile Sokuvikela Umlilo

Ayikho indlela eyodwa yokuvikela umlilo efanelekile kuzo zonke izakhiwo zensimbi.

Isixazululo esifanele sincike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa:

Uhlobo lwesakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe

Isilinganiso sokumelana nomlilo esidingekayo

Ukucushwa kwensimbi yesakhiwo

Ibhilidi lendawo kanye namakhodi okuphepha emlilweni

Ukuchayeka kwemvelo

Izidingo zezokwakha

Isabelomali sephrojekthi

Izidingo zesondlo

Kumaphrojekthi amaningi esakhiwo sensimbi, inhlanganisela yokuvikela umlilo okungenzi lutho, amasistimu okuvikela umlilo asebenzayo, indawo yomlilo, amasistimu okubona, kanye nokuhlelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo kunikeza isisombululo esibanzi.

Isiphetho

Izakhiwo zensimbi zinikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile ngamandla, isivinini sokwakha, ukuguquguquka kwedizayini, nokusebenza kahle kwezinto. Kodwa-ke, ukuvikelwa komlilo okufanele kufanele kucatshangelwe ngesikhathi sokuklama kanye nezigaba zokwakha ukuze kugcinwe ukuqina kwesakhiwo ngesikhathi somlilo.

Izingubo ezimelana nomlilo, izimbotshana ze-intumescent, izinhlelo zokuvikela zangaphandle, indawo yomlilo, nezinhlelo ezisebenzayo zokuvikela umlilo zingadlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuphepha komlilo okuphelele kwezakhiwo zensimbi.

Ngemiklamo yesakhiwo sensimbi yezimboni, ukuvikelwa komlilo kufanele kuhlanganiswe nomklamo wesakhiwo, umsebenzi wokwakha, imithetho yendawo, kanye nezidingo zokwakha kusukela ekuqaleni.

I-ZSJH Steel ihlinzeka ngezixazululo zesakhiwo sensimbi ezinqolobaneni, izimboni, izakhiwo zezimboni, izindawo zokusebenzela, namanye amaphrojekthi okwakha ensimbi enziwe ngokwezifiso, okuhlanganisa ukusekelwa kwedizayini, ukwakhiwa, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi, ukupakisha, kanye nokuthekelisa emhlabeni jikelele.

Ukuze uthole izixazululo zesakhiwo sensimbi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, imidwebo yephrojekthi kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zingahlolwa ngokuvumelana nezidingo ezithile zephrojekthi ngayinye.