Cika kasuwancin e-commerce mai girma yana buƙatar fiye da babban harsashi. Yana buƙatar wurin ajiya da aka tsara daga aiki zuwa waje. Hanya mafi aminci ita ce ayyana saurin SKU, odar bayanan martaba, dawo da ƙara, kayan sarrafa kayan aiki, zurfin tsari, da lodin bene kafin kammala tazarar tazarar, tazarar bakin ruwa, ko sanya tashar jirgin ruwa. Lokacin da ƙungiyoyi suka juyar da wannan tsari, suna kulle a kunkuntar wuraren daɗaɗɗen ruwa, ginshiƙai masu banƙyama, raƙuman katako, da hanyoyin tafiye-tafiye waɗanda ke haɓaka taɓawa, aiki, da jinkirtawa.

Don cibiyar ajiyar kayan aikin e-kasuwanci, amsar da ta dace ita ce hanyar ƙira ta ciki. Yana girman ginin ta hanyar cube mai amfani, kayan aiki, da buƙatun kaya maimakon sawun ƙafa shi kaɗai. A zamani Tsarin karfen kasuwanci galibi shine mafi kyawun harsashi saboda yana goyan bayan fayyace tsayin daka, faɗaɗa ɓarna, da tsarin ajiya mai nauyi. Har ila yau ƙirar tana yin nasara ne kawai lokacin da aka haɗa shimfidar wuri, aikin slab, math ɗin dock, lodin tarawa, da jujjuya kayan aiki daga farkon.

Key Takeaways

• Ciki-Out Injiniya Nasara: Zane a kusa da bayanan martaba na SKU, kafofin watsa labarai na ajiya, dabaru na WMS, hanyoyin zaɓe, da MHE da farko-sannan su dace da harsashi na ƙarfe a kusa da aikin.

• Yi tunani a cikin Ƙarfin Cubic, Ba kawai Wurin Wuta ba: Girman ɗakunan ajiya na e-kasuwanci dole ne ya dogara da cube mai amfani, tsayayyen tsayi, daidaitawar taragi, da wuraren aiki-ba kawai fim ɗin murabba'in ba.

• Matsakaicin Ma'ajiyar Tafiya ta Juya: Gudun-hannun-hannun-hannu-da-hanyar-hannu-da-hanyar-hannu-da-hannu-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-mafi-mafi yawan-shimfidu-wanda ke haifar da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa da sharar fage.

• Layin Redline mai ƙarfi na 85%: Zayyana don cikakken amfani da ramin yana tabbatar da gurguncewar aiki; Ajiye 15-20% wuraren ajiya mara komai don guje wa sarrafawa da yawa.

• Ƙara Maɓallin Ruwan Ruwa na dabam: Bayan ramummuka maras amfani, tsara ~ 10% ƙarin yanki na bene don ambaliya na yanayi, rarrabuwa, tarin tattarawa, da matakan haɓaka.

• Super Flat Floors Ba Neman Neman Neman Zama don Ƙarfafa Automation: Yankunan VNA da AS/RS suna buƙatar fale-falen C30-C40 da ƙaƙƙarfan kwanciyar hankali, sau da yawa 1mm a kowace 1000mm.

• Dole ne a keɓance Hannun Hannu na Juya jiki: Tare da ƙimar dawowar kasuwancin e-commerce ya kai 30%, dawowar yana buƙatar keɓantaccen yanki mai rufaffiyar madauki da ke fita daga fita waje.

Fara da Makasudin Kasuwanci, Matsayin hanyar sadarwa, da Bayanai Kafin Ton Karfe

Shawarar ƙira ta farko ba tsayin tsayi ko farar rufin ba. Matsayin kayan aiki ne. Rukunin yana iya aiki azaman cibiyar cikar yanki, kumburin omnichannel, cibiyar birni na rana ɗaya, ko wurin B2B/B2C gauraye. Kowane samfurin yana canza buƙatun dock, kafofin watsa labarai na ajiya, ƙirar ma'aikata, da zurfin sarrafa kansa. Idan rawar da ba ta da tabbas, ginin kuma zai zama m.

Bayanan da ya kamata a daskare kafin ƙirar ra'ayi

• Ƙididdiga na SKU, maƙallan saurin gudu, da natsuwa na yanayi.

• Haɗin ƙira ta pallet, kartani, jaka, da kowane zaɓi.

• Kololuwar shigowa, kololuwar fita, da kololuwar dawowa ta rana da sa'a.

• Lokacin yanke odar da ake buƙata da alkawuran matakin sabis.

• Hanyar zaɓen da aka tsara, dabaru na sake cikawa, da ƙirar aiki.

• Jerin kayan aikin da aka yi niyya, gami da mayaƙan cokali mai yatsu, masu isar da kaya, masu rarrabawa, da na'urori masu motsi.

Tsare-tsare na yau da kullun yana haifar da ɗakunan ajiya mara ƙarfi. Wuraren kasuwancin e-commerce sun gaza yayin haɓakawa, ƙaddamarwa, da kololuwar hutu, ba a ranar Talata masu natsuwa ba. Yakamata a duba iya aiki a kan kololuwar ƙididdiga, da tazarar rashin tabbas. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman don karɓa, dawowa, rarrabuwa, da jigilar kaya, inda layukan ke faɗaɗa cikin sauri da zarar yanki ɗaya ya faɗi a baya.

Shigar da ƙira	Me Yasa Yayi Muhimmanci	Tasirin Ginin Na Musamman
SKU saurin	Yana ƙayyade zaɓe-zafi da rarrabuwa	Yana canza yanki, ƙidayar hanya, da zurfin ɗaukar fuska
Adadin dawowa	Yana ƙara jujjuya kayan aiki	Yana buƙatar keɓaɓɓen sarari sarrafawa da ƙarin docks
Nau'in kayan aiki	Saita juyawa radius da tsayin tsayi	Yana canza faɗin hanyar hanya, shimfidar shimfiɗa, da tsayayyen tsayi
oda bayanin martaba	Yana bayyana hanyar zaɓe da buƙatun tattara kaya	Yana canza ƙidayar wurin aiki da shimfidar isarwa
Mafi girman girma	Ya bayyana ƙulli na gaske	Yana canza zurfin tsarawa, tallafin aiki, da girman yadi

Ya kamata a auna ƙarfin a cikin kubu mai amfani, ba kawai murabba'in mita ba. Tsayin tsayi, daidaitawar taragi, da ƙididdige ramummuka sun ƙayyade adadin kayan da ginin zai iya ɗauka ba tare da kwararar ruwa ba. Babban sawun ƙafa tare da rashin amfani da tsayin daka sau da yawa yana yin ƙasa da ƙarami, wurin aiki mafi tsayi tare da mafi kyawun ramummuka da tsari. Ayyuka masu ƙarfi kuma suna nufin iyakance sarrafa kaya zuwa kusan taɓawa uku zuwa biyar daga karɓa zuwa jigilar kaya. Da zarar ya taɓa hawa sama, farashin aiki da haɗarin lalacewa suna tashi da sauri.

Falsafar Injiniya ta Ciki don Cikar Kasuwancin E-Ciniki

Injiniya na ciki yana farawa da aikin, ba ambulan ba. Yana guje wa kuskuren gama-gari na sanya harsashi jeri akan rukunin yanar gizon da tilasta ayyuka don dacewa da ginshiƙai, lissafin rufin rufin, da wuraren da ba daidai ba. Wannan kuskuren yana da tsada saboda yana da wuya a gyara daga baya.

An ba da shawarar jeri na ciki

• Yi nazarin saurin SKU, bayanin martaba-layi, da cakuɗen dawowa.

• Ƙayyade kafofin watsa labarai na ajiya da kuma zaɓen hanya.

• Taswirar MHE, masu jigilar kaya, robotics, da wuraren aiki.

• Ƙirƙirar ƙididdigar tashar jiragen ruwa, zurfin tsarawa, da zirga-zirga.

• Injiniya firam ɗin karfe, slab, da ambulaf ɗin da ke kewaye da waɗannan buƙatun.

An fi son sito na karfe don wannan jeri saboda yana goyan bayan fayyace tsayin daka, tsantsa mai sauri, da ƙari bay a gaba. Hakanan yana daidaitawa da kyau lokacin da ayyuka suka canza. Tsarin da aka riga aka keɓance yana rage matsi na jadawalin, yayin da ma'auni na ƙarfe mai nauyi kamar Q355 ko Q235 sun fi dacewa da mezzanines, masu jigilar kaya, sabis ɗin da aka dakatar, da ɗaukar nauyi. Tsarukan ma'aunin haske na iya yin aiki don amfani mai sauƙi, amma da wuya su kasance amsar da ta dace don cika cikawa ta atomatik.

Fa'idar fa'ida ta fa'ida yayi kama da abin da masu ƙira ke ƙima a cikin wani Baje kolin Tsarin Karfe na Hall ko a Tsarin Kasuwancin Kasuwanci . Bambanci shine buƙatar aiki. Cibiyar dabaru tana buƙatar ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa, juriya mai tsauri, ɗorawa tarkace, aikin injiniyan jirgin ruwa, da shirin kashe wuta a kusa da lissafi. Bude sarari kadai bai isa ba.

Model Warehouse Layout Model: Daidaita Geometry zuwa Kayan aiki da Gudun Hanya Daya

Tsarin lissafi ya kamata ya goyi bayan motsi ta hanya ɗaya don mutane, pallets, totes, da motoci. Ketare hanyoyin suna haifar da jinkiri da haɗarin aminci. Mafi kyawun shimfidar wuri yawanci shine wanda ke kawar da ja da baya, rage tafiya, da raba mai shigowa daga waje a cikin sa'o'i masu aiki.

Samfurin Layi	Mafi dacewa	Babban Amfani	Babban Haɗari
U-siffa	Tsakanin shafuka masu girman yadi mai iyaka	Shortan tafiya na waje da ƙaƙƙarfan amfani da ƙasa	Cunkoson shiga da fita waje guda
Siffar I	Maɗaukaki mai girma-ta wurin wurare	Tsabtace rabuwa da karɓa da jigilar kaya	Tsawon sawun gini da ƙarin buƙatun wurin
Siffar L	Shafukan da ke da tsarin zirga-zirgar kusurwa ko ayyukan giciye	Kyakkyawan jagora mai gudana tare da sassauƙan zoning	Zai iya ƙirƙirar sasanninta makafi idan matakin yana da rauni

Tsarin I-dimbin yawa sau da yawa shine zaɓi mafi ƙarfi don babban aiki Kasuwancin Warehouse saboda yana raba zirga-zirgar shigowa da waje ta jiki. Wannan yana rage rikice-rikicen layi kuma yana sauƙaƙe sarrafa tsari. Shirye-shiryen U-dimbin yawa sun kasance masu amfani a inda ƙasa ke takura, amma suna buƙatar tsara tsarin tashar jiragen ruwa. Shimfidu masu siffa L suna aiki da kyau lokacin da ɓangaren kaya ya ketare ajiya kuma yana motsawa ta hanyoyin giciye.

Dokokin gudana waɗanda yawanci ke haɓaka aiki

• Ajiye ma'ajiyar ajiya a baya, ba gaba ɗaya ba, fuskar zaɓin farko.

• Sanya SKUs masu zafi mafi kusa da tattarawa da rarrabuwa.

• Kar a yi amfani da hanyoyin tafiye-tafiye a matsayin matakan ambaliya.

• Ci gaba da dawowa jiki a waje da hanyoyin fita.

• Kare hanyoyin sake cikawa daga cunkoson masu tafiya.

Masu zanen kaya kuma su guji kafaffen cikas a cibiyar aiki. Tsayayyen ɗakin zafin jiki, kejin kulawa, ko wurin baturi da aka sanya a tsakiyar ɗakin ajiyar na iya tilasta dogon zango na tsawon shekaru. Abin da ke da kyau a kan zane yakan zama ƙulli na yau da kullun da zarar an yi cokali mai yatsu, cikawa, da manyan kuloli suna raba sararin samaniya.

Zaɓin Tsarin Ajiye: Match Rack Density, Dama, Dokokin FIFO, da Load ɗin Karfe

Tsarin ajiya ba bayanin siye bane. Yana canza ƙirar slab, ƙirar anga, faɗin hanya, shimfidar yayyafa, da sassaucin gaba. Zaɓin da ya dace ya dogara da haɗin SKU, ɗaukar mita, ƙa'idodin juyawa, da ƙirar aiki.

Tsarin Ajiya	Yawan yawa	Dama	Dabarun Inventory	Tasirin Tsarin
Zaɓen tarawa	Matsakaici	Babban	FIFO ko damar bazuwar	Load ɗin kafa-ƙafa na tushe da daidaitaccen tsari na hanya
Taro mai zurfi biyu	Mafi girma	Matsakaici	Hanya ta tushen layi	Babban isar da buƙatu da kulawar juriya
Rikicin tuƙi	Mai girma sosai	Ƙananan	LIFO	Maɗaukaki mai nauyi a cikin manyan hanyoyi masu zurfi
Tuƙi ta hanyar tarawa	Mai girma sosai	Ƙananan	FIFO	Yana buƙatar ingantaccen tsarin zirga-zirga da bitar wuta
Wayar hannu	Mai girma sosai	Mai canzawa	Samun damar sarrafawa	Bukatun dogo na musamman, wuta, da kiyayewa
Dinse bin atomatik	Matsakaicin amfani da cube	Mai sarrafa kansa	Gudanar da tsarin	Lalata, caji, da haɗin aikin aiki sun zama mahimmanci

Zaɓin zaɓi ya kasance mafi aminci tushe don gauraya e-kasuwanci saboda yana ba da dama kai tsaye zuwa kewayon SKU. Zurfafa sau biyu yana inganta ingantaccen kube amma yana rage samun dama kai tsaye. Tsarukan shiga-ciki da tuƙi sun dace da ƙananan kayan ajiyar SKU fiye da sauri kowane buƙatu. Dese bin Automation yana da ƙarfi don ƙananan bayanan bayanan abubuwa tare da umarni da yawa da ƴan layukan kowane oda.

Zaɓin ajiya kuma yana canza ƙirar wuta. Dole ne a sake nazarin wuraren mura, shigar da yayyafa ruwa, ajin kayayyaki, da tsayin tudu tare. Haɓakawa mai yawa wanda yayi watsi da waɗannan cak ɗin na iya jinkirin yarda, ƙara farashin tsarin, ko tilasta sake fasalin baya. Wannan shine dalili guda daya da ya sa ba za a taba yanke shawarar yanke hukunci daga tsarin tsari da daidaitawar wuta ba.

Ƙimar Takamaiman Kasuwancin E-Ciniki: Ƙira don Ƙarfafa girma, Layukan oda mara ƙarancin ƙarfi, da Komawa 30%

Wuraren kasuwancin e-kasuwanci sun bambanta da wuraren pallet na gargajiya saboda suna aiwatar da ƙananan umarni da yawa, keɓantawa akai-akai, da babban adadin dawowa. Ingantacciyar shiyya ta hana kwararowar ruwa daga yin karo.

Yankuna masu mahimmanci a cikin babbar cibiyar cikawa

• Karɓa da inbound kula da inganci.

• Ajiye ajiyar pallet.

• Fuskokin zaɓe na farko don masu sauri.

• Shiryawa, lakabi, da shigar da kunshin.

• Tsare-tsare masu fita waje da marshalling hanya.

• Yana dawo da dubawa, ƙididdigewa, da tsari.

Dokar 80/20 tana da amfani a nan. Wasu tsiraru na SKUs galibi suna motsa yawancin oda. Waɗannan abubuwan suna cikin wuraren zaɓe na ergonomic kusa da tashoshin fitar da kaya. Fuskokin zaɓe na farko ya kamata su riƙe kusan mako ɗaya na matsakaita buƙatun SKUs masu aiki, wanda ke rage rushewar cikas ba tare da yin lodin ƙasa tare da kwafin kaya ba.

Reverse dabaru na bukatar rufaffiyar madauki. Tare da adadin dawowa sau da yawa yana kaiwa kashi 30%, ƙungiyar aikin yakamata ta samar da tashoshi don buɗewa, dubawa, ƙididdigewa, sake tattarawa, sakewa, keɓewa, da yanayin ƙarshe. Kada su aika da kayan da aka dawo dasu ta hanyar fita waje ko manyan hanyoyin zaɓe na farko. Wannan hadawa yana haifar da haɗarin gurɓatawa, jinkiri, da rashin hangen nesa na aiki.

Yana dawo da tsarin sarrafawa wanda ke aiki da kyau

• Cire kaya kuma gano sashin da aka dawo.

• Duba yanayin kuma tabbatar da haɗin gwiwar oda.

• Saka shi don mayarwa, gyara, ruwa, ko zubarwa.

• Sake tattarawa ko sake lakabin inda ake buƙata.

• Aika shi zuwa keɓewa, ajiyar hannun jari, ko yanayin waje.

WMS ya kamata ya jagoranci ramuka, sake kunnawa, da jerin ayyuka. Tsarin jiki ya kamata ya goyi bayan dabarar software, ba saba mata ba. Kayan aiki kuma suna buƙatar sarari don na'urori, wuraren RFID, cajin hannu, da kabad ɗin cibiyar sadarwa tun daga farko. Sake sabunta kayan aikin daga baya yana da rudani kuma yawanci ya fi tsada.

Kayan Aiki Da Kayan Aiki Da Suke Siffata Ginin

Forklifts, masu jigilar kaya, mutum-mutumi, da wuraren aiki suna bayyana harsashi fiye da zane-zane. Juyawar radius ɗin su, tsayin mast ɗin su, samun damar kiyayewa, da buƙatun wutar lantarki suna ƙayyade ma'auni na hanya, tsayayyen tsayi, ɗakunan baturi, da fatun kayan aiki.

Kayan aiki waɗanda galibi ke tafiyar da lissafi

• Ma'auni na ma'auni don karɓa da canja wurin yadi.

• Isar da manyan motoci don kunkuntar hanyoyin ajiyar ajiya.

• Motocin turret VNA don ma'auni mai yawa.

• Masu jigilar kaya da masu rarrabawa don kwararar fakiti.

• Shirya benci, ma'auni, firintoci, da masu amfani da lakabi.

• Mirgine wrappers, size, da scan tunnels.

Yakamata a duba ƙirar mai jigilar kaya akan kewayon girman fakiti, kayan aiki na sa'o'i, haɗe-haɗe, da tarin ƙarshen layi. Tsarin jigilar kaya ba tare da isassun tarawa ba zai tura tasha zuwa sama zuwa ɗauka da tattarawa. Har ila yau, wuraren aiki suna buƙatar zurfin ergonomic, kayayyaki na gefen layi, da bayyanan wurare na ma'aikata. Idan benci ya toshe hanyoyin sake cikawa, an riga an lalata shimfidar wuri.

Cajin baturi, rarraba wutar lantarki, ɗakunan IT, da samun damar kulawa yakamata su zauna a waje da hanyoyin kwarara na farko. Mezzanines suna da amfani sama da ƙananan ayyuka masu tsafta kamar tattara kaya, kitting, ko ƙarin ƙimar haske. Wannan yanki na tallafi na ciki yakan biyo baya Hanyar Ginin Karfe na Office , inda matakin babba ya ƙara sararin tallafi ba tare da tsangwama tare da babban yankin ajiya mai girma a ƙasa ba.

Nisan Hanyar Hanya, Sarari Tsaye, da Redline Karfin 85%.

Faɗin hanya shine cinikin kai tsaye tsakanin zaɓi da yawa. Daidaitaccen ayyukan daidaita ma'auni galibi yana buƙatar kusan ƙafa 12. Shirye-shiryen kunkuntar hanya na iya amfani da ƙafa 9 zuwa 10. Tsarin VNA na iya raguwar hakan zuwa kusan ƙafa 6, amma kawai lokacin da tsarin jagora, zaɓin manyan motoci, da jurewar katako ke goyan bayansa.

Dabarun Hanyar Hanya	Yawan Nisa	Ƙarfin kwatanta	Babban Bukatun
Daidaitawa	12 ft	Kimanin pallets 3,800	Babban manufar forklifts
Madaidaicin hanya	9-10 ft	Kimanin pallets 5,050	Isar manyan motoci da ingantaccen horo
VNA	6 ft	Kimanin pallets 6,300	Tsarin jagora da babban tudu

Tsayin tsayi yana da mahimmanci kamar haka. Tsofaffin wuraren sau da yawa ana yin niyya daga ƙafa 24 zuwa 34. Cibiyoyin cika manyan teku na zamani suna ƙara yin niyya ƙafa 45 ko sama da haka lokacin da ake shirin ajiya ta atomatik ko VNA. Ƙarin kumbun yana da mahimmanci kawai idan shirin slotting, ƙirar sprinkler, da zaɓin kayan aiki na iya amfani da shi lafiya.

Iyakar amfani mai amfani yawanci yana ƙasa da jimlar iyawar ka'idar. Da zarar ajiya mai amfani ya tashi sama da kusan 80% zuwa 85%, ma'aikata suna fara motsin pallets kawai don ƙirƙirar sarari. Wato tarkon sarrafa iri-iri. Yana kona aiki, toshe hanyoyi, kuma yana ɓoye matsaloli a cikin WMS. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira suna kiyaye 15% zuwa 20% wuraren ajiya mara komai sannan kuma suna tanadi kusan kashi 10% na filin bene don ambaliya, matakan yanayi, da tarin tarin kaya.

Injiniyan Tsari da Ƙayyadaddun Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙaƙwalwa don Ƙarfafa Aiki da Kai

Ma'ajiya mai girma da aiki da kai suna samar da duka nau'ikan da aka rarraba da ma'auni mai mahimmanci. Dole ne tsarin ya yi tsayayya da su ba tare da ɓata kwanciyar hankali, karko, ko daidaitawa na gaba ba.

Tabbataccen slab da tushen tushe

• C30 zuwa C40 kankare don wuraren ajiyar kaya masu nauyi.

• 150 zuwa 200 mm kauri mai kauri, daidaitacce ta yanayin kaya da yanayin ƙasa.

• Dual-Layer, Bi-directional karfe raga ƙarfafa inda ake buƙata.

• Ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan tushe tare da tabbatarwa na geotechnical.

• Katangar danshi a ƙasan katako don rage lalacewar tururi.

Ya kamata a daidaita kwanciyar hankali da yankin aiki. Yankunan ɗakunan ajiya na gabaɗaya na iya jure wa bambanci mai faɗi. VNA, AS/RS, da yanki na mutum-mutumi galibi suna buƙatar babban aiki mai ƙarfi, yawanci kusan karkacewar 1 mm a kowace 1000 mm. Idan ba tare da wannan iko ba, mast sway, kurakurai jagora, da kurakuran kayan aiki na zama akai-akai. Yana da arha yin injiniyan dutsen daidai kafin a yi gini fiye da niƙa, faci, ko sake yin shi daga baya.

cak masu ɗaukar kaya waɗanda bai kamata a taɓa tsallakewa ba

• Maƙallan ƙugiya-ƙafa da juriya mai naushi.

• Ƙirar ƙulla ƙyalli da tabbatarwa fita.

• Mezzanine mai raye-rayen raye-raye, gami da naɗaɗɗen kayan aiki.

• Mai ɗaukar nauyin tallafi da kuma dakatar da lodin sabis.

• Maɗaukakiyar lodin forklift da tasirin juyawa kusa da tashar jiragen ruwa.

• Wurin ginshiƙi dangane da gudu-gurguwa da kewayon kariyar wuta.

Rumbun ginin ma yana da mahimmanci. Tsaye da rufin karfen kabu an fi son ko'ina don tsantsar ruwa na dogon lokaci. Filin rufin ya kamata ya nuna yanayin gida, tare da matsakaicin gangara don ruwan sama mai ƙarfi da ma'ana mai zurfi inda dusar ƙanƙara ke mulkin. Matakan dock yawanci suna zama kusan mita 1.2 zuwa 1.4 tsayi kuma yakamata su haɗa da hatimi, matsuguni, filaye masu hana zamewa, da amintattun mu'amalar manyan motoci. Waɗannan fasalulluka ne na aiki, ba ƙari na gine-gine ba.

Ƙididdigar kayan aiki: Ƙofofin Dock, Stage, Lighting, da Jimlar Kudin

Mugun lissafi yana haifar da kwalabe masu tsada. Idan ƙofofin tashar jirgin ruwa, zurfin tsarawa, ko wuraren tallafin ma'aikata ba su da girma, kuɗin tsarewa, cunkoso, karin lokaci, da yankewa da aka rasa suna biyo baya. Ƙididdiga masu sauƙi suna da amfani, amma suna aiki ne kawai lokacin da tsarin da ke kewaye ya kasance mai gaskiya.

Dock kofa dabara da aiki misali

Ƙofofin doki da ake buƙata = V / (H / R)

• V = jimlar kwantena na yau da kullun ko ƙarar tirela

• H = lokutan aiki kowace rana

• R = matsakaicin sa'o'in sarrafawa kowace naúrar

Misali: idan rukunin yanar gizon yana ɗaukar tirela 48 a kowace rana, yana gudanar da sa'o'i 16, kuma yana da matsakaicin awa 2 kowace tirela, mafi ƙarancin ƙa'idar shine 48 / (16/2) = 6 kofofin doki. A aikace, ƙungiyar aikin yakamata ta ƙara tazara don sauye-sauyen jadawalin, hutun aiki, masu zuwa marigayi, duba ingancin, da kololuwar yanayi. Ƙididdiga kofa ba tare da zurfin tsarawa bai cika ba.

Matsakaicin shigowa da waje yakamata ya ware kayan aiki masu rai, sauke tireloli, da riko da inganci a inda ake buƙata. Layukan rarrabuwa suna buƙatar tara abubuwan tarawa don haka jinkiri na wucin gadi na ƙasa ba zai daina ɗaukar sama ba. Haske kuma yana rinjayar aiki. Zaɓawa, shiryawa, da wuraren QC galibi suna buƙatar 50 zuwa 75 ƙafa-kyandirori, yayin da babban ajiya da forklift aisles na iya buƙatar 15 zuwa 30. Tsarin LED yana rage amfani da makamashi kuma yana iya rage dubawa da ɗaukar kurakuran lalacewa ta hanyar rashin gani.

Ya kamata a kimanta jimlar farashi tsawon shekaru, ba kawai a matakin taushi ba. Aiki yawanci yakan mamaye farashin aikin sito. Saka hannun jari na farko dan kadan a ingancin slab, shimfidar kwarara, ko zurfin tashar jirgin ruwa sau da yawa yana samar da mafi kyawun dawowa fiye da matsi kasafin farko. Don faɗaɗa ɓangarorin lokaci, dabarar firam ɗin zamani mai kama da a Ginin Prefab Retail yana da amfani saboda yana goyan bayan ƙari na bayyanuwar gaba, ƙwanƙwasa tashar jiragen ruwa, da haɓaka tare da ƙarancin rushewa.

Yarda, Aminci, Dorewa, da Tabbacin Gaba

Ya kamata a gina yarda da buƙatun aminci cikin ra'ayi, ba a bincika a ƙarshe ba. Tsayawa tasha, ƙididdige kimar kaya, kariyar gefen mezzanine, alamun masu tafiya a ƙasa, da rabuwar abin hawa duk suna shafar shimfidar wuri. Ma'ajiya mai yawa kuma yana buƙatar kulawa ga wuraren hayaƙi, ɗaukar hoto, motsin hayaki, da faɗin fiɗar gaggawa.

Automation yana buƙatar sake dubawar haɗarinsa. Dole ne a tsara hanyar samun kulawa, tsayawar gaggawa, hanyoyin dawo da kaya, da adana kayan gyara kafin a fara aiki. Babban yawa ba daidai yake da juriya ba. Idan yankin mutum-mutumi guda ɗaya ya gaza kuma babu hanyar wucewa, ginin na iya samun koma baya na aiki.

Tabbatar da gaba ya kamata ya dogara ne akan hangen girma na shekaru goma. Wannan ya haɗa da haɓakar SKU, faɗaɗa oda kololuwa, dawo da haɓaka, rikitaccen marufi, da canje-canjen haɗin tashar. Tsarin aiki da kai yawanci ya fi aminci fiye da ginin harbi ɗaya. Yana bawa afaretan damar ƙara ƙarfin aiki lokacin da bayanai suka tabbatar da shi. Matakan ɗorewa kamar fitilar LED, tsarin ambulaf mai ɗorewa, yankunan sake yin amfani da su, da ingantattun kayan aiki suna taimakawa lokacin da suke tallafawa sabis da maƙasudin farashi maimakon raba hankali daga gare su.

Kammalawa

Cibiyar ajiyar kayan aiki tana aiki da kyau lokacin da ginin ya bi aikin. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce girman sito ta hanyar kayan aiki, cube mai amfani, kayan aiki, dawowa, da buƙatar ɗaukar kaya da farko, sannan a kammala harsashi na karfe.

• Gudanar da nazarin kwararar aiki kololuwa ta amfani da sa'a mai shigowa, waje, da dawo da bayanai.

• Kwatanta tsarin ajiya akan haɗakar SKU, lambar wuta, juriyar slab, da ƙirar aiki.

• Cikakkun tabbatar da kayan aikin geotechnical da ƙwanƙwasawa kafin daskarewa tarkace da shimfidar kayan aiki.

• Tabbatar da docks, tsarawa, aiki da kai, da dabaru na WMS tare da tsari da masu ruwa da tsaki na wuta kafin siye.

FAQ

Q: Ya kamata a e-kasuwanci karfe sito zama size da murabba'in ƙafa ko cubic iya aiki?

A: Ƙarfin Cubic shine mafi kyawun ma'auni. Sawun sawun shi kaɗai yana watsi da tsayayyen tsayi, daidaitawar taragu, ƙididdige ramuka, mezzanines, da sarari mai amfani. Gine-gine guda biyu tare da yanki ɗaya na bene na iya sadar da ma'auni daban-daban da aikin kayan aiki.

Tambaya: Wane tsayin tsayi ne gama gari don shagon e-kasuwanci na zamani?

A: Tsofaffin wurare galibi ana amfani da ƙafa 24 zuwa 34. Yawancin ayyukan yau da kullun suna yin niyya ta ƙafa 45 ko fiye lokacin da aka shirya ajiyar VNA, mezzanines, ko shirye-shiryen AS/RS. Lamba na ƙarshe ya dogara da ƙirar wuta, isar kayan aiki, da samfurin aiki.

Tambaya: Yaya aka kiyasta adadin kofofin tashar jirgin ruwa?

A: Tsarin gama gari shine V / (H / R), inda V shine ƙarar tirelar yau da kullun, H yana aiki ne, kuma R shine matsakaicin sa'o'in sarrafawa kowace tirela. Sannan yakamata a bincika sakamakon akan zurfin tsari, ɗaukar nauyin aiki, bambancin isowa, da buƙatun lokacin kololuwa.

Tambaya: Nawa ya kamata wurin ajiya ya ajiye?

A: Maƙasudi mai amfani shine 15% zuwa 20% wuraren ajiya mara komai a cikin racking da kusan 10% ƙarin yanki na bene don ambaliya, tarawa, da kuma matakan yanayi. Cikakken amfani yana da inganci akan takarda amma yawanci yana rage aiki.

Tambaya: Me yasa shimfidar bene yake da mahimmanci a cikin yankuna masu yawa na aiki da kai?

A: Motocin VNA, tsarin AS/RS, da mutummutumi sun dogara da filayen tafiye-tafiye da ake iya faɗi. Ana buƙatar kwanciyar hankali a kusa da 1 mm a cikin 1000 mm sau da yawa a cikin waɗancan yankuna don rage mast sway, kurakuran bin diddigin, kurakuran kayan aiki, da batutuwan aminci a tsayi.

Tambaya: Menene tarkon sarrafa abubuwa da yawa?

A: Yana faruwa a lokacin da m zama ya tashi sama da kusan 80% zuwa 85%. Sannan ma'aikata suna motsa haja na yanzu don ƙirƙirar sarari don haja mai shigowa. Wannan yana ƙara taɓawa, toshe hanyoyi, ƙara farashin aiki, da rage amincin sabis.

Tambaya: Wanne tsarin racking yawanci ya fi dacewa don kasuwancin e-commerce: zaɓi, mai zurfi biyu, tuƙi, ko AS/RS?

A: Babu mai nasara daya. Zaɓin zaɓi ya dace da faffadan SKU iri-iri da samun dama kai tsaye. Zurfafa sau biyu yana inganta yawa tare da ƙarancin samun dama. Drive-in ya dace da ƙananan kayan ajiyar SKU. AS/RS ko injina mai yawa yana aiki mafi kyau lokacin yin odar bayanin martaba, farashin aiki, da kayan aiki sun tabbatar da saka hannun jari.