Ana amfani da tsarin ƙarfe na dogon lokaci a filayen jirgin sama, tashoshin jirgin ƙasa, wuraren baje koli, filayen wasa, masana'antu, ɗakunan ajiya, rataye na jirgin sama, cibiyoyin dabaru, da sauran gine-gine waɗanda ke buƙatar manyan wurare marasa ginshiƙai.

A cikin tsararren tsari na tsawon lokaci, tsararrun maki masu goyan baya yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan sassauƙan gine-gine da aikin tsarin. Gabaɗaya, ƙarin tarwatsa masu goyon baya, mafi girman ƙuntatawa akan tsara ƙasa da tsarin sararin samaniya. Sabanin haka, tsarin da ke da mahimmin maki masu goyan baya na iya samar da mafi girman sassauci don ƙirar gine-gine da kuma amfani da sararin samaniya.

Dangane da tsawon lokaci, aikin ginin, buƙatun kaya, tsarin gine-gine, da yanayin gini, ana iya ɗaukar tsarin tsari daban-daban da hanyoyin shigarwa.

Wannan labarin ya gabatar da manyan nau'o'in tsarin karfe mai tsawo da kuma hanyoyin da aka fi amfani da su.

1. Manyan Nau'o'in Tsarukan Tsare-tsaren Karfe Mai Tsawon Tsawon Lokaci

1.1 Tsarin Tsarin Tsari na Karfe

Firam ɗin sararin samaniya tsarin tsari ne mai girma uku wanda ya ƙunshi mambobi da yawa waɗanda aka haɗa ta hanji bisa ƙayyadaddun tsari na geometric.

Tsarukan grid mai layi biyu ko multilayer flat grid ana kiransa tsarin firam ɗin sarari . Yawanci ana ƙirƙira su ne daga bututun ƙarfe, ɓangarori marasa ƙarfi, ko bayanan bayanan ƙarfe na tsarin.

Saitunan firam ɗin sarari gama gari sun haɗa da:

• Firam ɗin sararin samaniya wanda ya ƙunshi tsarin truss na planar

• Firam-dala na murabba'i

• Firam ɗin sararin samaniya-triangular

• Firam ɗin sararin samaniya mai hexagonal-pyramid

Fa'idodin Tsarin Tsarin Sarari

Tsarin firam ɗin sararin samaniya yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci ga manyan gine-gine:

• Kyakkyawan rarraba kaya mai girma uku

• Hanyoyi masu tsabta da inganci masu ɗaukar nauyi

• Babban taurin tsarin

• Dangantakar ƙananan nauyin tsarin

• Kyakkyawan aikin girgizar ƙasa

• M ƙirƙira da shigarwa

• Madaidaitan mambobi da nodes na haɗi

• Dace da masana'anta prefabrication da taro samar

• Tsarin gine-gine mai sassauƙa

• Sauƙaƙan haɗa rufin rufin, bututu, tsarin HVAC, da sauran ayyukan gini

• Siffar gine-gine mai nauyi da kyan gani

Saboda waɗannan fa'idodin, ana amfani da firam ɗin sararin ƙarfe na ƙarfe don baje koli, tashoshi na sufuri, wuraren wasanni, gine-ginen masana'antu, da manyan gine-ginen jama'a.

1.2 Ƙarfe Grid Tsarin Shell

Harsashi grid shine tsarin grid mai lanƙwasa. Ya danganta da tsarin tsarin, ana iya ƙirƙira shi azaman harsashi na grid mai Layer Layer ko harsashi grid mai Layer biyu..

Za a iya gina ginin harsashi ta hanyar amfani da ƙarfe, katako, simintin da aka ƙarfafa, ko kayan haɗin gwiwa. Ƙarfe grid harsashi sun dace musamman don manyan gine-gine masu tsayi saboda girman ƙarfinsu zuwa nauyi da sassauƙar ƙirƙira.

Siffofin gama gari sun haɗa da:

• Spherical grid bawo

• Silindrical grid bawo

• Hyperbolic grid harsashi

• Hyperbolic paraboloid grid harsashi

• Tsarukan harsashi mai lankwasa biyu

Fa'idodin Grid Shell Structures

Tsarin harsashi na grid yana haɗa halayen sifofin lattice da tsarin harsashi.

Babban fa'idodin su sun haɗa da:

• Ingantacciyar dabi'ar tsari

• Babban taurin gaba ɗaya

• Kyakkyawan iyawa na tsawon lokaci

• Dangantakar sauki membobin tsarin

• Ana iya haɗa ƙananan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa zuwa manyan sifofi

• Membobi da nodes ana iya tsara su a masana'antu

• Sauƙaƙan shigarwa na zamani

• Rage buƙatun kayan ɗagawa mai nauyi a wasu ayyuka

• Siffofin gine-gine masu ban sha'awa da sassauƙa

Za a iya tsara bawoyi na grid zuwa wurare masu lanƙwasa iri-iri, yana mai da su dacewa da filayen wasa, fage, wuraren baje koli, wuraren jigilar kayayyaki, atriums, da gine-ginen ƙasa.

1.3 Tsarin Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa

Tsarin membrane, wanda kuma aka sani da tsarin masana'anta , tsari ne mai nauyi mai tsayi mai tsayi wanda aka haɓaka sosai a cikin ƙarni na ashirin.

Yana amfani da kayan aikin membrane masu sassauƙa na ayyuka masu ƙarfi waɗanda aka haɗa tare da matsa lamba na iska, igiyoyin ƙarfe, ko tsayayyen tsarin tallafi. Ta hanyar gabatar da ma'aunin da ya dace a cikin farfajiyar membrane, tsarin yana haɓaka isasshen ƙarfi don rufe manyan wurare.

Babban tsarin tsarin membrane sun haɗa da:

• Tsarin membrane mai goyan bayan iska

• Tsarin membrane tensile

• Tsarin membrane mai goyan bayan firam

Fa'idodin Tsarin Membrane

Babban halayen sun haɗa da:

• Matsakaicin ƙarancin nauyin kai

• Kyakkyawan iyawa na tsawon lokaci

• Tsarin gine-gine mai sassauƙa

• Saurin shigarwa

• Rage yawan amfani da kayan gini

• Kyakkyawan aikin tattalin arziki

• Babban tasirin gani

• Kyakkyawan watsa haske na halitta dangane da kayan membrane

• Ya dace da tsarin gine-gine marasa tsari da kyauta

Tsarin ƙwanƙwasa yana buƙatar yin la'akari da hankali game da dorewar kayan aiki, sarrafa prestress, nauyin iska, magudanar ruwa, cikakkun bayanan haɗin gwiwa, da kiyayewa na dogon lokaci.

Ana amfani da su sosai don rufin filin wasa, wuraren sufuri, wuraren shiga, wuraren kasuwanci, wuraren waje, da wuraren jama'a.

1.4 Tsarin Tallafin Kebul

Tsarin da ke goyan bayan igiya yana amfani da igiyoyin ƙarfe masu ƙarfi a matsayin abubuwan farko na juriya.

Tsarin rufin da aka dakatar da shi ya ƙunshi:

• Tsarin igiyoyi

• Tsarin rufin

• Tsarin tallafi

Tsarin gama gari sun haɗa da:

• Tsarin kebul mai layi ɗaya mai hanya ɗaya

• Tsarin na USB mai Layer Layer guda ɗaya

• Tsarukan igiyoyin igiyoyi guda biyu masu hawa biyu

• Tsarin kebul ɗin da aka riga aka ƙaddamar da shi mai-hanyar hanya ɗaya

• Radial prestressed na USB Tsarin

• Tsarin kebul ɗin da aka riga aka ƙaddamar da shi mai hawa biyu

• Tsarin hanyar sadarwar kebul da aka rigaya

Fa'idodin Tsarukan Taimakon Kebul

Babban fa'idar tsarin kebul shine ingantaccen amfani da karfe.

A ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayi, igiyoyi galibi suna tsayayya da lodi ta hanyar tashin hankali axial, rage girman lankwasawa da tasirin ƙarfi.

Sauran fa'idodin sun haɗa da:

• Babban ingancin kayan aiki

• Ƙarƙashin nauyin tsarin kai

• Kyakkyawan iyawa na tsawon lokaci

• Tsarin tsari mai sassauƙa

• Ya dace da shimfidar gine-gine daban-daban

• Rage buƙatun manyan membobin tsarin

• Siffar gine-gine na musamman

Koyaya, tsarin da ke goyan bayan kebul yana buƙatar ingantaccen bincike na tsari. Matakan prestress, rashin daidaituwa na geometric, tsarin gini, girgizar da iska ta haifar da iska, da sarrafa nakasa dole ne a kimanta su a hankali.

1.5 Sirin Sirin Shell

Tsarin harsashi na bakin ciki tsarin tsari ne masu lankwasa waɗanda ke ɗaukar kaya da farko ta hanyar sojojin membrane.

A aikin injiniya, harsashi mai ɗan ƙaramin kauri idan aka kwatanta da radius na curvature gabaɗaya ana rarraba shi azaman harsashi na bakin ciki.

Dangane da tsarin su na geometric, tsarin harsashi na iya haɗawa da:

• Harsashi na juyawa

• Harsashi na fassara

• Kwayoyin cylindrical

• Bawo mai siffar zobe

• Bawo mai lankwasa biyu

Bisa ga kayan, suna iya haɗawa da:

• Karfe bakin ciki bawo

• Ƙarfafa bawo

• Masonry harsashi

• Haɗin tsarin harsashi

Fa'idodin Tsarin Sirri na Siraran Shell

Siffofin harsashi na bakin ciki suna ba da ingantacciyar inganci mai ɗaukar nauyi saboda lissafin lissafinsu yana ba da damar ɗaukar lodi ta hanyar aikin membrane maimakon da farko ta hanyar lankwasawa.

Babban fa'idodin sun haɗa da:

• Babban ƙarfin tsari

• Babban tauri

• Kyakkyawan ingancin kayan aiki

• Babban iyawa

• Rage yawan amfani da kayan

• Siffar gine-gine mai ban sha'awa

Haɗin ingantaccen tsari da sassauƙan gine-gine yana sa tsarin harsashi ya dace da filayen wasanni, tashoshi, dakunan taro, gine-ginen nunin, da ayyukan filaye.

2. Hanyoyin Gine-gine na yau da kullum don Tsarukan Ƙarfe mai tsayi

Dole ne a zaɓi hanyar ginin don babban tsarin ƙarfe mai tsayi bisa ga nau'in tsari, tazara, tsayin gini, yanayin wurin, ƙarfin ɗagawa, kwanciyar hankali na tsari, buƙatun aminci, da jadawalin aikin.

Ana amfani da hanyoyi masu zuwa.

2.1 Maɗaukakin Matsayi In-Situ Majalisar

Taro mai tsayi a cikin wurin ya ƙunshi shigar da membobin tsarin da nodes ɗin haɗin kai kai tsaye a wuraren ƙirar su na ƙarshe.

A lokacin gini, ana buƙatar tallafi na wucin gadi sau da yawa don kiyaye daidaiton tsari da nakasar sarrafawa. Bayan an kammala dukkan tsarin tsarin kuma an daidaita shi, ana cire tallafin wucin gadi a hankali don tsarin zai iya shigar da yanayin damuwa na ƙarshe.

Ana ɗaukar wannan hanya ɗaya daga cikin mafi mahimmancin hanyoyin shigarwa don hadaddun manyan sassa na ƙarfe na sararin samaniya.

Dangane da tsarin tallafi na wucin gadi, gabaɗaya ana iya raba shi zuwa hanyoyi biyu.

Cikakkun Tallafin Scaffold Shigar

An gina babban faifan tallafi bisa ga lissafin lissafi da tsayin tsarin, yana ba da damar haɗa kayan aikin a wurarensu na ƙarshe.

Ya dace da gine-gine tare da matsakaicin tsayi da tsayi.

Amfaninsa sun haɗa da:

• M gini

• Sauƙaƙan matsayi da daidaitawa

• Dangantakar tattalin arziki don ayyukan da suka dace

• Ana iya sau da yawa sake amfani da ɓangarorin ɗan lokaci

Rashin lahani mai yiwuwa sun haɗa da:

• Ana buƙatar ɗimbin ƙira

• Ƙarin aiki a tsayi

• Haɓaka buƙatun sarrafa aminci

• Tsawon lokacin shigarwa na goyan bayan ɗan lokaci

Shigar da Tsarin Tallafin Karfe na ɗan lokaci

Firam ɗin tallafin ƙarfe na wucin gadi an ƙera su musamman bisa ga lissafin lissafi, lodi, da jerin shigarwa na tsarin ƙarfe.

Wannan hanya ta dace da sifofi masu tsayi mafi girma, daɗaɗaɗɗen girma, da abubuwan da suka fi nauyi.

Abubuwan amfani sun haɗa da:

• Babban kwanciyar hankali gini

• Kyakkyawan daidaitawa da sarrafa haɓakawa

• Ƙirar firam ɗin tallafi mai sassauƙa

• Dace da nauyi manyan-tsayi

Koyaya, firam ɗin tallafi na ɗan lokaci na iya haɗawa da ƙimar ƙirƙira mafi girma da ƙananan ƙimar sake amfani.

2.2 Hanyar Shigar Zamiya

Hanyar shigarwa ta zamewa ta ƙunshi haɗa sassan tsarin ƙarfe a cikin wuri mai sauƙi sannan kuma motsa su tare da waƙoƙin da aka kera na musamman zuwa matsayinsu na ƙarshe.

Bayan kowane sashe ya isa wurin da aka keɓe, an haɗa shi da tsarin da aka shigar a baya.

Wannan hanya tana da amfani musamman inda wurin ginin ke da iyakataccen hanya ko kuma inda ayyukan ɗagawa kai tsaye sama da wurin shigarwa na ƙarshe ke da wahala.

Ana yawan amfani dashi don:

• Rufin filin wasa

• Gine-ginen nuni

• Tashoshin sufuri

• Gine-ginen masana'antu

• Gine-ginen polygonal na yau da kullun

• Manyan gine-gine tare da ƙuntataccen filin gini

Amfani

• Rage aikin haɗuwa mai tsayi

• Gajeren lokacin shigarwa

• Inganta ingancin gini

• Ƙananan dogara ga manyan kayan ɗagawa a wasu yanayi

Mahimman Bayanan Fasaha

Ƙungiyoyin injiniya dole ne su sarrafa a hankali:

• Zayyana waƙa zane

• Goyon bayan halayen

• Aiki tare na kayan zamiya

• Gudun zamewa

• Nakasar tsari

• kwanciyar hankali na ɗan lokaci

• daidaiton matsayi na ƙarshe

2.3 Gabaɗaya Shigarwa Dagawa

Gabaɗaya ɗagawa ya haɗa da haɗa babban sashe-ko wani lokacin gabaɗayan tsarin rufin-a ko kusa da matakin ƙasa sannan ɗaga shi zuwa haɓakar ƙira ta ƙarshe ta amfani da kayan ɗagawa masu aiki tare.

Ana yawan amfani da wannan hanyar don:

• Rufin firam ɗin sarari

• Grid harsashi rufin

• Manyan rufin masana'antu

• Rufin filin wasa

• Zauren nuni

Babban Amfani

• Mahimman raguwa a cikin aikin haɗuwa mai tsayi

• Rage buƙatun tallafi na ɗan lokaci

• Inganta amincin gini

• Gajeren lokacin shigarwa

• Kyakkyawan ƙirƙira matakin ƙasa da sarrafa inganci

Manyan kalubalen fasaha sun haɗa da sarrafawa:

• Wuraren ɗagawa

• Aiki tare tsakanin na'urorin ɗagawa

• Damuwa na tsari yayin ɗagawa

• Nakasa a lokacin dagawa

• Tsayayyen tsari na ɗan lokaci

Kafin a ɗagawa, ana buƙatar cikakken kwaikwaiyon tsari da nazarin matakan gini akai-akai.

2.4 Gabaɗaya Hanyar Tensioning

Hanyar tashin hankali gabaɗaya ana amfani da ita don sigar kebul da tsarin membrane tensile.

Ana amfani da jacks na hydraulic da yawa ko na'urori masu tayar da hankali na musamman don amfani da tashin hankali mai sarrafawa zuwa igiyoyi har sai an cimma matakin prestress da ake buƙata da haɓakar tsari.

Ya dace musamman don manyan rufin da ke goyan bayan igiya da sifofin membrane mai ƙarfi.

Amfani

• Ingantacciyar aikace-aikacen prestress

• Madaidaicin iko na sojojin kebul

• Rage aikin hannu mai tsayi mai tsayi

• Ƙananan bukatun aiki

• Inganta ingancin gini

• Ya dace da shigarwa na aiki tare

Saboda tsarin kebul da membrane suna da matuƙar kula da prestress, yakamata a kula da ayyukan tashin hankali a hankali don tabbatar da cewa matakan ƙarfi, tsarin lissafi, da nakasawa sun kasance cikin juriyar ƙira.

2.5 Hanyar Fadada Ci gaba don Tsarin Harsashi na Grid

Hanyar faɗaɗa ci gaba fasaha ce ta ci gaba ta shigarwa akai-akai da ake amfani da ita zuwa manyan sifofin harsashi.

Hanyar asali ita ce:

1. Haɗa sashin tsakiya na harsashin grid a matakin ƙasa.

2. Ɗaga sashin da aka haɗa zuwa tsayin da aka ƙaddara.

3. Sanya ƙarin sassan tsarin kewaye.

4. Ɗaga ƙaƙƙarfan tsari kuma.

5. Maimaita tsarin har sai an haɗa cikakken harsashi na grid.

Amfani

Wannan hanyar tana iya ba da fa'idodi da yawa:

• Rage buƙatun tallafi na ɗan lokaci

• Za a iya kammala ƙarin aikin haɗuwa a matakin ƙasa

• Ingantattun walda da ingancin haɗin kai

• Rage haɗarin aiki-a-tsawo

• Kyakkyawan aminci na gini

• Sauƙaƙe ingancin dubawa

• Ya dace da manyan sifofi na sarari

Saboda waɗannan fa'idodin, shigarwa na haɓaka haɓakawa yana ƙara yin la'akari don hadaddun ayyukan harsashi na grid na ƙarfe na dogon lokaci.

2.6 Hanyar Shigar Cantilever

A cikin hanyar shigarwa na cantilever, ƙananan ƙananan raka'a an tsara su ko kuma an haɗa su a matakin ƙasa sannan a ɗaga kai tsaye zuwa matsayi.

Ana shigar da sabbin raka'o'in tsarin ci gaba daga ɓangaren da aka kammala na tsarin.

Wannan hanyar gabaɗaya ta dace da ƙanana ko tsari mai sauƙi na sifofin ƙarfe na sarari.

Amfani

• Ƙananan tallafi na wucin gadi

• Rage ayyukan wucin gadi

• Yiwuwar raguwa a farashin gini

• Tsarin shigarwa mai sassauƙa

Koyaya, kwanciyar hankali-matakin gini yana da mahimmanci.

Dole ne tsarin da aka shigar da shi a baya ya kasance yana da isassun tauri da kwanciyar hankali na lissafi kafin a iya shigar da ƙarin membobi.

Haɗari masu yuwuwa sun haɗa da:

• Nakasar ɗan lokaci mai yawa

• Matsalolin na biyu da aka jawo gini

• Rashin kwanciyar hankali na tsarin tsarin da bai cika ba

• Wahalar sarrafa jeri

• Abubuwan buƙatun aminci mafi girma yayin haɓakawa

Don haka, ya kamata a kammala kwaikwaiyon tsari da bincike-matakin gini kafin a ɗauki hanyar shigar da cantilever.

3. Yadda Ake Zaba Hanyar Gina Dama

Babu hanyar gini guda ɗaya da ta dace da kowane tsarin ƙarfe mai tsayi mai tsayi.

Ya kamata a ƙayyade dabarun shigarwa bisa ga takamaiman yanayin aikin.

Abubuwa masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da:

• Tsarin tsari

• Tsawon gini da tsayi

• Karfe ton

• Girman sashi

• Samun damar yanar gizo

• Ƙarfin crane

• Akwai wurin taro

• Sharuɗɗan tallafi na ɗan lokaci

• Jadawalin gini

• Yanayin yanayi na gida

• ƙuntatawa na sufuri

• Bukatun aminci

• Iyaka na nakasar tsari

• Bukatun daidaiton shigarwa

Don hadaddun ayyuka, ana iya haɗa hanyoyin gini da yawa.

Misali, ana iya haɗa wani ɓangare na tsarin rufin a matakin ƙasa, a ɗaga shi azaman babban yanki, sannan a kammala shi ta hanyar haɗuwa mai tsayi.

Cikakken kwaikwaiyon gini, nazarin ɗagawa, ƙirar goyan bayan ɗan lokaci, da sa ido kan nakasu suna da mahimmanci don tabbatar da amincin tsarin.

4. Kammalawa

Tsarin ƙarfe mai tsayi mai tsayi yana ba da fa'ida mai mahimmanci ga gine-ginen da ke buƙatar manyan wuraren buɗewa, sassauƙan gine-gine, ingantaccen tsarin tsari, da rage ginshiƙan ciki.

Tsarukan tsari gama gari sun haɗa da firam ɗin sararin samaniya, grid bawo, sifofin membrane tensile, tsarin da ke goyan bayan igiya, da sifofin harsashi na bakin ciki..

Dangane da buƙatun aikin, ana iya kammala ginin ta hanyar taro mai tsayi a cikin wurin, shigarwa mai zamiya, ɗagawa gabaɗaya, daidaitawar daidaitawa, haɓaka ci gaba, ko haɓakar cantilever..

Nasarar aikin tsarin ƙarfe na dogon lokaci ya dogara ba kawai akan ƙirar tsari ba, har ma akan daidaiton ƙirƙira, ingancin haɗin gwiwa, kwanciyar hankali na ɗan lokaci, kulawar ɗagawa, jerin shigarwa, da injiniyan matakin gini.

Maganin Tsarin Tsarin Karfe na ZSJH

ZSJH STEEL yana ba da hanyoyin haɗin ginin ƙarfe na ƙarfe don masana'antu, kasuwanci, da manyan ayyukan gine-gine.

Ayyukanmu na iya haɗawa da:

• Ƙirƙirar ƙarfe na tsari

• Custom karfe tsarin masana'antu

• Injiniya dalla-dalla da kuma zane-zane na kanti

• BIM da 3D tallan kayan kawa

• Ƙarfe sarari firam da rufin tsarin ƙirƙira

• Tsarin kayan aikin ƙarfe na ƙarfe

• Welding da haɗin ƙirƙira

• Maganin saman da kuma kariyar lalata

• Ingancin dubawa

• Fitar da marufi

• Tallafin kayan aiki na duniya

• Shigarwa da jagorar fasaha

Ko aikinku ya ƙunshi masana'anta, kantin sayar da kayayyaki, cibiyar dabaru, zauren nunin, filin wasa, wurin sufuri, ko wani babban ginin ƙarfe mai tsayi, ƙungiyarmu na iya samar da ƙirƙira na musamman da samar da mafita bisa ga zanen aikin da buƙatun fasaha.

Shin kuna da aikin tsarin ƙarfe na dogon lokaci? Aika mana zanenku, ƙayyadaddun bayanai, da buƙatun aikin don ƙima da ƙima.