Izakhiwo zensimbi ezinde zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezikhumulweni zezindiza, eziteshini zikaloliwe, ezikhungweni zemibukiso, ezinkundleni zemidlalo, ezimbonini zezimboni, izindawo zokugcina izimpahla, izindawo zokulenga izindiza, izikhungo zezokuthutha, nezinye izakhiwo ezidinga izindawo ezinkulu ezingenakholamu.

Ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sesikhathi eside, ukuhlelwa kwamaphoyinti asekelayo kunomthelela omkhulu ekuguquguqukeni kwezakhiwo nokusebenza kwesakhiwo. Ngokuvamile, lapho izisekelo zihlakazeka kakhulu, kuba mkhulu nemikhawulo yokuhlela phansi kanye nokuhlelwa kwendawo. Ngokuphambene, izakhiwo ezinamaphoyinti asekelayo agxile kakhulu ngokuvamile zinganikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu komklamo wezakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwendawo yangaphakathi.

Ngokuya nge-span, umsebenzi wokwakha, izidingo zomthwalo, ifomu lezakhiwo, nezimo zokwakha, izinhlelo ezahlukene zesakhiwo nezindlela zokufaka zingamukelwa.

Lesi sihloko sethula izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezakhiwo zensimbi ezinde kanye nezindlela zokwakha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.

1. Izinhlobo Eziyinhloko Zezakhiwo Zensimbi Ye-Span Eside

1.1 Isakhiwo Sohlaka Lwesikhala Sensimbi

Uhlaka lwesikhala luwuhlelo lwesakhiwo olunezinhlangothi ezintathu olwakhiwe amalungu amaningi axhunywe ngamanodi ngokuya ngohlelo oluthile lwejometri.

Amasistimu wegridi eyisicaba enezendlalelo ezimbili noma ezendlalelo eziningi ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi izakhiwo zozimele wesikhala . Ngokuvamile akhiwe ngamashubhu ensimbi, izingxenye ezingenalutho, noma amaphrofayili ensimbi yesakhiwo.

Ukulungiselelwa kozimele wesikhala okujwayelekile kufaka:

• Amafreyimu omkhathi akhiwe izinhlelo ze-planar truss

• Amafreyimu wesikhala esiyisikwele sephiramidi

• Amafreyimu wesikhala sephiramidi elingunxantathu

• Amafreyimu wesikhala angama-Hexagonal-pyramid

Izinzuzo ze-Space Frame Structures

Amasistimu ohlaka lwesikhala anikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zezakhiwo ezinkulu ezibanzi:

• Ukusabalalisa komthwalo wezinhlangothi ezintathu okuhle kakhulu

• Izindlela zokudlulisa umthwalo ezicacile nezisebenzayo

• Ukuqina okuphezulu kwesakhiwo

• Isisindo sesakhiwo esiphansi uma kuqhathaniswa

• Ukusebenza okuhle kwe-seismic

• Ukwakhiwa nokufakwa kalula

• Amalungu ajwayelekile kanye namanodi okuxhumana

• Ifanele ukwenziwa kwefekthri nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi

• Isakhiwo sezakhiwo esiguquguqukayo

• Ukuhlanganiswa okulula kosilingi, amapayipi, izinhlelo ze-HVAC, nezinye izinsiza zokwakha

• Ukubukeka okulula nokukhangayo kwezakhiwo

Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo, amafreyimu esikhala sensimbi avame ukusetshenziselwa amahholo emibukiso, izindawo zokuthutha, izikhungo zemidlalo, izakhiwo zezimboni, nezakhiwo ezinkulu zomphakathi.

1.2 Isakhiwo Segobolondo Legridi Yensimbi

Igobolondo legridi isakhiwo segridi yendawo egobile. Ngokuya ngohlelo lwesakhiwo, ingaklanywa njengegobolondo legridi elinesendlalelo esisodwa noma igobolondo legridi elendlalela kabili..

Izakhiwo zamagobolondo egridi zingakhiwa kusetshenziswa insimbi, izingodo, ukhonkolo oqinisiwe, noma izinto eziyinhlanganisela. Amagobolondo egridi yensimbi afaneleka kakhulu ezakhiweni ezine-span enkulu ngenxa yesilinganiso sawo esikhulu sokuqina nesisindo kanye nokuguquguquka kokwenziwa.

Amafomu ajwayelekile afaka:

• Amagobolondo egridi eyindilinga

• Amagobolondo egridi eyi-cylindrical

• Amagobolondo egridi ye-hyperbolic

• Amagobolondo egridi ye-hyperbolic paraboloid

• Amasistimu egobolondo legridi egobe kabili

Izinzuzo Zezakhiwo Zegobolondo Legridi

Izakhiwo zegobolondo legridi zihlanganisa izici zezakhiwo ze-lattice nezakhiwo zegobolondo.

Izinzuzo zabo ezibalulekile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuziphatha okusebenzayo kwesakhiwo

• Ukuqina okuphezulu okuphelele

• Ikhono elihle kakhulu lesikhathi eside

• Amalungu esakhiwo alula uma kuqhathaniswa

• Izingxenye ezincane zingahlanganiswa zibe izakhiwo ezinkulu kakhulu

• Amalungu namanodi angenziwa ngaphambili ezimbonini

• Ukufakwa kwe-modular elula

• Ukuncipha kwesidingo semishini ethwala kanzima kwamanye amaphrojekthi

• Amafomu okwakha akhangayo futhi avumelana nezimo

Amagobolondo egridi angaklanywa abe izinhlobonhlobo zezindawo ezigobile, azenze zifaneleke izinkundla, izinkundla, izikhungo zemibukiso, izindawo zokuhamba, izinkundla zemidlalo, nezakhiwo eziyingqophamlando.

1.3 Ukwakheka Kwemembrane Eqinile

Isakhiwo se-membrane, esaziwa nangokuthi isakhiwo sendwangu eqinile , iwuhlelo lwesakhiwo olulula olude oluthuthukiswe kakhulu phakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Isebenzisa ulwelwesi olusebenza kakhulu oluguquguqukayo oluhlanganiswe nomfutho womoya, izintambo zensimbi, noma izakhiwo ezisekelayo eziqinile. Ngokwethula i-prestress efanele endaweni ye-membrane, isakhiwo sithuthukisa ukuqina okwanele ukumboza izikhala ezinkulu.

Izindlela eziyinhloko ze-membrane structural systems zihlanganisa:

• Izakhiwo ze-membrane ezisekelwe emoyeni

• Izakhiwo ze-membrane eziqinile

• Izakhiwo ze-membrane ezisekelwa uhlaka

Izinzuzo Zezakhiwo Ze-Membrane

Izici eziyinhloko zifaka:

• Isisindo somuntu siqu esiphansi kakhulu

• Ikhono elihle kakhulu lesikhathi eside

• Idizayini yezakhiwo eguquguqukayo

• Ukufakwa okusheshayo

• Kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwempahla yesakhiwo

• Ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho

• Umthelela obonakalayo ophezulu

• Ukudluliswa okuhle kokukhanya kwemvelo kuye ngokuthi i-membrane material

• Ifanele izakhiwo ezingajwayelekile nezikhululekile

Amasistimu we-Membrane adinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kokuqina kwempahla, ukulawula ukucindezeleka, ukulayishwa komoya, ukugeleza kwamanzi, imininingwane yokuxhuma, nokugcinwa kwesikhathi eside.

Asetshenziswa kakhulu uphahla lwenkundla, izinsiza zokuhamba, ama-canopies okungena, izindawo zentengiso, izindawo ezingaphandle nezindawo zomphakathi.

1.4 Isakhiwo Esisekelwa Ikhebula

Izakhiwo ezisekelwa yikhebula zisebenzisa izintambo zensimbi ezinamandla aphezulu njengezinto eziyinhloko ezimelana nokushuba.

Isistimu yophahla olumisiwe evamile iqukethe:

• Isistimu yekhebula

• Uhlelo lophahla

• Isistimu esekelayo

Ukucushwa okujwayelekile kufaka:

• Izakhiwo zekhebula lendlela eyodwa yongqimba olulodwa

• Izakhiwo zekhebula le-radial single-layer

• Izakhiwo zekhebula ezinezindlela ezimbili zongqimba olulodwa

• Izakhiwo zekhebula ezinezingqimba ezikabili ezinendlela eyodwa

• Izakhiwo zekhebula elicindezelwe ngemisebe

• Izakhiwo zekhebula ezinezingqimba ezimbili ezinezingqimba ezimbili

• Izakhiwo ezinetha lekhebula elicindezelwe ngaphambili

Izinzuzo Zezakhiwo Ezisekelwa Ikhebula

Inzuzo eyinhloko yezakhiwo zekhebula ukusetshenziswa kwazo okuphumelelayo kwensimbi.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle, izintambo ngokuyinhloko zimelana nemithwalo ngokusebenzisa i-axial tension, enciphisa ngokuphawulekayo imiphumela yokugoba neyokugunda.

Ezinye izinzuzo zifaka:

• Ukusebenza kahle kwezinto ezibonakalayo

• Isisindo esiphansi kakhulu sesakhiwo

• Ikhono elihle kakhulu lesikhathi eside

• Ukuhlelwa kwesakhiwo okuguquguqukayo

• Ifanele izakhiwo ezihlukahlukene zezakhiwo

• Ukuncipha kwesidingo samalungu amakhulu esakhiwo

• Ukubukeka okuhlukile kwezakhiwo

Nokho, izakhiwo ezisekelwa ikhebula zidinga ukuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo okuthuthukisiwe. Amaleveli okucindezela, ukungafani kwejiyomethri, ukulandelana kokwakhiwa, ukudlidliza okubangelwa umoya, nokulawula ukuguga kufanele kuhlolwe ngokucophelela.

1.5 Ukwakheka Kwegobolondo Elincane

Izakhiwo zamagobolondo azacile ziyizinhlelo zesakhiwo ezigobile ezidlulisa imithwalo ngokuyinhloko ngamandla olwelwesi.

Kumkhuba wobunjiniyela, igobolondo elinogqinsi oluncane uma kuqhathaniswa ne-radius yalo yokugoba ngokuvamile lihlukaniswa njengegobolondo elincanyana.

Ngokwefomu labo lejometri, izakhiwo zegobolondo zingabandakanya:

• Amagobolondo ajikelezayo

• Amagobolondo okuhumusha

• Amagobolondo angama-cylindrical

• Amagobolondo ayindilinga

• Amagobolondo agobile kabili

Ngokusho kwezinto zokwakha, zingafaka:

• Amagobolondo ensimbi amancane

• Amagobolondo kakhonkolo aqinisiwe

• Amagobolondo e-Masonry

• Izakhiwo zegobolondo ezihlanganisiwe

Izinzuzo ze-Thin Shell Structures

Izakhiwo zamagobolondo azacile zinikeza ukusebenza kahle kokuthwala umthwalo ngoba ijometri yazo ivumela imithwalo ukuthi idluliselwe ngesenzo solwelwesi kunokuba ngokuyinhloko igobe.

Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zifaka:

• Amandla aphezulu esakhiwo

• Ukuqina okuphezulu

• Ukusebenza kahle kwezinto ezibonakalayo

• Ikhono le-span enkulu

• Ukusetshenziswa kwempahla encishisiwe

• Ukubukeka kwezakhiwo ezikhangayo

Inhlanganisela yokusebenza kahle kwesakhiwo kanye nokuguquguquka kwezakhiwo kwenza izakhiwo zamagobolondo zifanelekele izinkundla, amatheminali, amahholo, izakhiwo zemibukiso, namaphrojekthi ayingqophamlando.

2. Izindlela Zokwakha Ezivamile Zezakhiwo Zensimbi Yesikhathi Eside

Indlela yokwakha yesakhiwo esikhulu sensimbi kufanele ikhethwe ngokusho kohlobo lwesakhiwo, ubude, ukuphakama kwesakhiwo, izimo zesayithi, amandla okuphakamisa, ukuzinza kwesakhiwo, izidingo zokuphepha, kanye nesimiso sephrojekthi.

Izindlela ezilandelayo zivame ukusetshenziswa.

2.1 I-High-Altitude In-Situ Assembly

Umhlangano we-high-altitude in-situ uhilela ukufaka amalungu esakhiwo namanodi okuxhumana ngokuqondile ezindaweni zawo zokugcina zokuklama.

Ngesikhathi sokwakha, ukusekela kwesikhashana kuvame ukudingeka ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza kwesakhiwo nokulawula ukuwohloka. Ngemva kokuba lonke uhlelo lwesakhiwo luqediwe futhi luzinzile, izisekelo zesikhashana zisuswa kancane kancane ukuze isakhiwo singene esimweni sokucindezeleka esiklanyelwe sokugcina.

Le ndlela ibhekwa njengenye yezindlela zokufaka eziyisisekelo kakhulu zezakhiwo zensimbi ezithatha indawo enkulu.

Ngokuya ngesistimu yokusekela yesikhashana, ngokuvamile ingahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezimbili.

Ukufakwa Kwescaffold Okusekela Ngokugcwele

I-scaffold esekela ngokugcwele yakhiwe ngokuvumelana nejometri kanye nokuphakama kwesakhiwo, okuvumela izingxenye zesakhiwo ukuthi zihlanganiswe ezindaweni zazo zokugcina.

Ifanele izakhiwo ezinobude obumaphakathi nobude.

Izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa:

• Ukwakhiwa okuguquguqukayo

• Ukuma okulula nokuqondanisa

• Iyonga kakhulu kumaphrojekthi afanelekile

• I-scaffolding yesikhashana ingase iphinde isetshenziswe

Okubi okungaba khona kuhlanganisa:

• Kudingeka inani elikhulu le-scaffolding

• Umsebenzi owengeziwe ekuphakameni

• Izimfuneko ezingeziwe zokuphatha ukuphepha

• Isikhathi eside sokufakwa kosekelo lwesikhashana

Ukufakwa Kwefreyimu Yesikhashana Yokusekelwa Kwensimbi

Amafreyimu asekela insimbi yesikhashana aklanywe ngokukhethekile ngokuya ngejometri, imithwalo, nokulandelana kokufakwa kwesakhiwo sensimbi.

Le ndlela ifanele izakhiwo ezinobude obukhulu, izikhala ezinkulu, nezingxenye ezinzima.

Izinzuzo zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqina kokwakhiwa okuphezulu

• Ukuxhumanisa okungcono nokulawula ukuphakama

• Idizayini yohlaka losekelo oluguquguqukayo

• Ifanele izakhiwo ezisindayo ezinobude obukhulu

Nokho, amafreyimu osekelo lwesikhashana angase afake izindleko eziphezulu zokwenziwa kanye namazinga aphansi okusebenzisa kabusha.

2.2 Indlela Yokufaka Ukushelela

Indlela yokufaka yokuslayida ihlanganisa ukuhlanganisa izingxenye zesakhiwo sensimbi endaweni efinyeleleka kalula bese uzihambisa ngamathrekhi aklanywe ngokukhethekile uziyise ezindaweni zazo zokugcina.

Ngemva kokuba isigaba ngasinye sifinyelele endaweni emisiwe, sixhunywe esakhiweni esifakwe ngaphambili.

Le ndlela iwusizo ikakhulukazi lapho indawo yokwakha inokufinyelela okulinganiselwe noma lapho imisebenzi yokuphakamisa ngokuqondile ngaphezu kwendawo yokugcina yokufaka inzima khona.

Ivame ukusetshenziselwa:

• Uphahla lwenkundla

• Izakhiwo zemibukiso

• Amatheminali ezokuthutha

• Izakhiwo zezimboni

• Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile ezinama-polygonal

• Izakhiwo ezinkulu ezinendawo evinjelwe yokwakha

Izinzuzo

• Umsebenzi oncishisiwe wokuhlanganisa indawo ephezulu

• Isikhathi sokufaka esifushane

• Ukwenziwa ngcono kwekhono lokwakha

• Ukuncika okuphansi emishinini emikhulu yokuphakamisa ezimweni ezithile

Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile Kwezobuchwepheshe

Amaqembu onjiniyela kufanele alawule ngokucophelela:

• Idizayini yethrekhi eslayidayo

• Ukusabela kokusekela

• Ukuvumelanisa kwemishini yokushelela

• Isivinini sokuslayida

• Ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo

• Ukuzinza kwesikhashana

• Ukunemba kokuma kokugcina

2.3 Ukufakwa Kokukhuphula Sekukonke

Ukuphakamisa sekukonke kuhilela ukuhlanganisa ingxenye enkulu—noma ngezinye izikhathi uphahla lonke—ezingeni eliphansi noma eduze kwalo bese uliphakamisa liyise endaweni yokugcina yomklamo usebenzisa izinto zokuphakamisa ezivumelanisiwe.

Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziselwa:

• Uphahla lwefreyimu yesikhala

• Uphahla lwamagobolondo egridi

• Izakhiwo ezinkulu zophahla lwezimboni

• Uphahla lwenkundla

• Amahholo ombukiso

Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko

• Ukwehliswa okukhulu komsebenzi wokuhlanganisa osezingeni eliphezulu

• Izidingo zosekelo ezincishisiwe

• Ukuphepha kwezokwakha okuthuthukisiwe

• Isikhathi esifushane sokufaka

• Ukwakhiwa okungcono kwezinga eliphansi nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi

Izinselelo ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe zihlanganisa ukulawula:

• Izindawo zokupaka

• Ukuvumelanisa phakathi kwamadivaysi okuphakamisa

• Ukucindezeleka kwesakhiwo ngesikhathi sokuphakamisa

• I-Deformation ngesikhathi sokuphakamisa

• Ukuzinza kwesakhiwo kwesikhashana

Ngaphambi kokuphakanyiswa, ukulingisa okuningiliziwe kwesakhiwo nokuhlaziywa kwesiteji sokwakha ngokuvamile kuyadingeka.

2.4 I-Tensioning Method Iphelele

Indlela yokuqinisa iyonke isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izakhiwo zekhebula kanye nezakhiwo zolwelwesi oluqinile.

Kusetshenziswa ojeke abaningi bamanzi noma izinto eziyisipesheli zokuqinisa amandla ukuze kusetshenziswe ukucindezela okulawulwayo kumakhebuli kuze kube yilapho kufinyelelwa izinga lokucindezela elidingekayo kanye nokuphakama kwesakhiwo.

Ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ophahleni olukhulu olusekelwe ikhebula kanye nezakhiwo ze-membrane eziqinile.

Izinzuzo

• Isicelo esisebenzayo sokucindezela

• Ukulawula okunembile kwamandla ekhebula

• Umsebenzi wezandla owehlisiwe wokuphakama okuphezulu

• Izidingo eziphansi zabasebenzi

• Ukwenziwa ngcono kwekhono lokwakha

• Ifanele ukufakwa okuvunyelanisiwe

Ngenxa yokuthi izintambo kanye nezinhlaka ze-membrane zizwela kakhulu ekucindezelekeni, ukusebenza kwe-tensioning kufanele kuqashwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amazinga wamandla, i-geometry yesakhiwo, kanye nokuguqulwa kuhlala kungaphakathi kokubekezelela umklamo.

2.5 Indlela Yokunweba Eqhubekayo Yezakhiwo Zegobolondo Legridi

Indlela yokwandisa eqhubekayo iyindlela yokufaka ethuthukisiwe evame ukusetshenziswa ezakhiweni ezinkulu zamagobolondo egridi.

Inqubo eyisisekelo ithi:

1. Hlanganisa ingxenye emaphakathi yegobolondo legridi ezingeni eliphansi.

2. Phakamisa ingxenye ehlanganisiwe ibe ukuphakama okunqunywe kusengaphambili.

3. Faka izingxenye ezengeziwe ezizungezile zesakhiwo.

4. Phakamisa isakhiwo esikhulisiwe futhi.

5. Phinda inqubo kuze kube yilapho igobolondo legridi eliphelele selihlanganisiwe.

Izinzuzo

Le ndlela inganikeza izinzuzo eziningana:

• Izidingo zosekelo ezincishisiwe

• Umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa owengeziwe ungaqedwa ezingeni eliphansi

• I-welding ethuthukisiwe nekhwalithi yokuxhumana

• Izingozi ezincishisiwe zokuphakama komsebenzi

• Ukuphepha okungcono kokwakhiwa

• Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi okulula

• Ifanele izakhiwo zezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu

Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo, ukufakwa kokunwetshwa okuqhubekayo kuya ngokuya kucatshangelwa kumaphrojekthi egobolondo legridi yensimbi ye-span eyinkimbinkimbi.

2.6 Indlela Yokufaka I-Cantilever

Endleleni yokufaka i-cantilever, amayunithi esakhiwo amancane uma kuqhathaniswa akhiwa kuqala noma ahlanganiswe ezingeni eliphansi abese ephakanyiswa amiswe ngokuqondile.

Amayunithi esakhiwo amasha afakwa ngokuqhubekayo kusukela engxenyeni eqediwe yesakhiwo.

Le ndlela ngokuvamile ifanelekela izakhiwo zensimbi ezincane noma ezilula ngokwesakhiwo.

Izinzuzo

• Usekelo lwesikhashana olumbalwa

• Imisebenzi yesikhashana eyehlisiwe

• Ukwehliswa okungenzeka kwezindleko zokwakha

• Ukulandelana kokufakwa okuguquguqukayo

Nokho, ukuzinza kwesiteji sokwakha kubalulekile.

Isakhiwo esifakwe ngaphambilini kufanele sibe nokuqina okwanele kanye nokuzinza kwejometri ngaphambi kokufakwa kwamalungu engeziwe.

Izingozi ezingaba khona zihlanganisa:

• Ukuwohloka kwesikhashana okweqile

• Izingcindezi zesibili ezibangelwa ukwakhiwa

• Ukungazinzi kwezinhlelo zesakhiwo ezingaphelele

• Ukulawula ukuqondanisa okunzima

• Izimfuneko zokuphepha eziphakeme ngesikhathi sokumiswa

Ngakho-ke, ukulingisa kwesakhiwo nokuhlaziywa kwesiteji sokwakha kufanele kuqedwe ngaphambi kokwamukela indlela yokufaka i-cantilever.

3. Ungayikhetha Kanjani Indlela Yokwakha Elungile

Ayikho indlela eyodwa yokwakha efanelekile kuzo zonke izakhiwo zensimbi ezinde.

Isu lokufaka kufanele linqunywe ngokuya ngemibandela ethile yephrojekthi.

Izici ezibalulekile zifaka:

• Uhlelo lwesakhiwo

• Ukwakha ubude nobude

• Amathani ensimbi

• Ubukhulu bengxenye

• Ukufinyeleleka kwesayithi

• Umthamo we-crane

• Indawo yomhlangano etholakalayo

• Izimo zokusekela zesikhashana

• Isheduli yokwakha

• Izimo zezulu zendawo

• Imikhawulo yezokuthutha

• Izidingo zokuphepha

• Imikhawulo yokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo

• Izidingo zokunemba kokufakwa

Kumaphrojekthi ayinkimbinkimbi, izindlela eziningi zokwakha zingahlanganiswa.

Isibonelo, ingxenye yesakhiwo sophahla ingase iqoqwe ezingeni eliphansi, iphakanyiswe njengeyunithi enkulu, bese iqedwa ngokusebenzisa umhlangano ophezulu.

Ukulingisa ukwakhiwa okunemininingwane, ukuhlaziywa kokuphakamisa, idizayini yokusekela yesikhashana, nokuqapha ukuguquguquka kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwesakhiwo.

4. Isiphetho

Izakhiwo zensimbi ezinde zinikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zezakhiwo ezidinga izindawo ezinkulu ezivulekile, ukuguquguquka kwezakhiwo, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwesakhiwo, namakholomu angaphakathi ancishisiwe.

Amasistimu wesakhiwo avamile ahlanganisa amafreyimu esikhala, amagobolondo egridi, izakhiwo eziqinile zolwelwesi, izakhiwo ezisekelwa ikhebula, nezakhiwo zamagobolondo amancane..

Ngokuya ngezidingo zephrojekthi, ukwakhiwa kungaqedwa ngokuhlangana kwe-high-altitude in-situ, ukufakwa kokuslayida, ukuphakamisa konke, ukuqina okuvumelanisa, ukunwetshwa okuqhubekayo, noma ukumiswa kwe-cantilever..

Impumelelo yephrojekthi yesakhiwo sensimbi enesikhathi eside ayixhomekile kuphela ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo, kodwa futhi nasekunembeni kokwenziwa, ikhwalithi yokuxhuma, ukuzinza kwesikhashana, ukulawula ukuphakamisa, ukulandelana kokufakwa, kanye nobunjiniyela besiteji sokwakha.

I-ZSJH Steel Izisombululo Zesakhiwo Sensimbi Eside Sespan

I-ZSJH STEEL ihlinzeka ngezixazululo zesakhiwo sensimbi ezididiyelwe zamaphrojekthi ezimboni, ezentengiselwano, kanye namaphrojekthi amakhulu wokwakha.

Amasevisi ethu angafaka:

• Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi yesakhiwo

• Ukukhiqizwa kwesakhiwo sensimbi ngokwezifiso

• Imininingwane yobunjiniyela kanye nemidwebo yezitolo

• Ukusekelwa kwemodeli ye-BIM ne-3D

• Uhlaka lwesikhala sensimbi nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sophahla

• Ukunikezwa kwengxenye yensimbi yesakhiwo

• Ukwakhiwa kwe-welding nokuxhumana

• Ukwelashwa kwendawo kanye nokuvikela ukugqwala

• Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi

• Thumela amaphakheji

• Usekelo lwezokuthutha lwamazwe ngamazwe

• Ukufakwa kanye nesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphrojekthi yakho ihilela ifekthri, indawo yokugcina impahla, isikhungo sezokuthutha, ihholo lombukiso, inkundla yezemidlalo, indawo yezokuthutha, noma esinye isakhiwo sensimbi esine-span enkulu, ithimba lethu linganikeza izisombululo zokwenziwa ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlinzeka ngokuhambisana nemidwebo yephrojekthi kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe.

Unephrojekthi yesakhiwo sensimbi yesikhathi eside? Sithumelele imidwebo yakho, ukucaciswa, kanye nezidingo zephrojekthi zokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nekhotheshini.